X射线引导下定位穿刺装置的研制

Research and development of a X-ray-guided puncture positioning device

目的:研制一种X射线实时引导下的定位穿刺装置,以实现准确定位穿刺。方法:基于X射线光子直线传播特性以及"三点成一线"的瞄准原理,研制一种X射线引导下定位穿刺装置,由瞄准管、瞄准架、万向铰链、固定夹及穿刺针组成,使用中调整瞄准管姿势,使其远、近两端与目标在X射线显示屏上实现三重叠时该管管腔即形成一瞄准通道,经由该稳固后的通道进行穿刺,即可达成便捷和准确的定位穿刺目的。结果:经对30例患者手术验证,使用该装置5 min内一次性穿刺到位成功率高达95.8%。结论:X射线引导下定位穿刺装置可极大提高定位穿刺的精确度和成功率,可有效解决X射线透视下定位穿刺耗时、费力而又欠准确的难题。

Objective： To develop a puncture positioning device is guided by X-ray in real time in order to accurately puncture positioning. Methods： The device consists of a sight tube inserted in a holder, a fixation universal joint, a fixation clamp and a puncture needle, and it has been developed based on the ＂three-point line＂ marksmanship principle and the characteristic that the photons of X-ray straight forward propagate. In use, the aiming at channel can be formed when the object achieves three overlaps with far and near ends of sight tube on X-ray machine screen by adjusting sight tube position. Used this fixation device, a puncture needle could be more conveniently and accurately inserted into the tube and achieve puncture positioning. Results： Using this device, the successful rate of first puncture positioning of 30 patients reaches up to 95.8% when the operation time for every patient is limited in the first 5 minutes.Conclusion： This device can greatly increase the success rate and precision of puncture positioning. At the same time, it also efficiently resolve series problems of X-ray-perspective puncture positioning, such as less efficient, less accuracy and high cost.