信任、空间距离与农地流转契约选择研究

A Study of Trust,Spatial Distance and Contract Selection of Farmland Transfer

契约选择是契约经济学研究的前沿课题,通过构建一个空间距离、信任与契约选择的分析框架,并用对贵州5个县的调查资料进行实证分析。分析表明,一是农户的个体特征不一样,其契约选择不一样。二是流转双方之间的空间距离(自然空间距离和社会空间距离)对契约选择有影响,空间距离越远,选择书面契约的可能性越大,选择口头契约的可能性越小。三是信任对契约有影响,农地流转双方之间的信任度越大,选择口头契约的可能性越大,选择书面契约的可能性越小。本研究的政策含义是,要使流转在低成本的社会环境下顺利进行,一是政府部门应该多对农地流转过程中的诚信农户进行宣传,形成一种人人讲信用的环境。二是在自然空间距离没有缩短的前提下,缩短社会空间距离,增加流转双方之间的信任度。通过交易频率、交往频率的增加,提高契约履约率,增强互信,形成流转双方利益共同体,促进农地顺利流转。

Contract choice has been the frontier subject of contractual economics. This paper constructs an analytical framework of spatial distance, trust and contract selection to conduct an empirical analysis of the survey data from five counties in Guizhou Province. The results show that firstly, farmers with different personal features are different in choosing their contracts. Secondly, the spatial distance （including natural spatial distance and social spatial distance） between both sides of the transfer can impact the farmers＇ contract choices; the farther the spatial distance, the more likely they will choose written contracts while less likely to choose oral contracts. Thirdly, trust will also influence contract selections; the greater the trust between both sides of the land transfer, the more likely they will choose oral contracts while less likely to choose written contracts. The policy implications of this study are as follows： in order to let land transfer go smoothly in the social context of low cost, the first is that the government departments should conduct more publicity to farmers with good faith during the process of farmland transfer, so as to form a good credible environment. The second is, on the premise that the natural spatial distance is not shortened, to shorten the social spatial distance so as to enhance the trust between the two sides of the transfer. Through the increase of the frequency of land transaction and the frequency of interaction, the rate of contract implementation can be improved and the mutual trust can be enhanced, thus the benefit community of both sides of land transfer can be formed, and smooth land transfer can be promoted.