“谷歌侵权案”判决中的“合理使用”:新技术、新市场与利益再平衡

Fair Use in the Google Book Copy Infringement Case:New Technology,New Market and Balance of Interests

本文以"谷歌侵权案"为研究对象,探讨在新的技术环境下,数字图书馆内容的合理使用及利益平衡问题。结论认为,(1)谷歌侵权案促使法律对"合理使用"作出新的诠释:判定受版权保护作品之"使用的目的和性质"时,关键要看对内容的使用是否具有"转变性";倾向于将"合理使用"看作积极权利。(2)"合理使用"的判决并不意味着合理的利益关系。谷歌提出的"和解协议",对原创内容予以一定程度上的补偿,更有助于著作权所有者对作为积极权利的"合理使用"的认同。

This article focuses on digital library content's fair use and balance of interests in new technology environment. With a case study of Google Books copy infringement case, two conclusions could be drawn.(1) This case impelled the law system to make a new interpretation of 'fair use' : when determining 'the purpose and character of the use' of copyrighted works, a key consideration is whether the use of them is 'transformative'; 'fair use' is tended to be seen as positive right.(2) The 'fair use' does not mean a reasonable benefit relationship. Based on the compensating idea in Settlement Agreement, the identification of 'fair use' as positive right could be accepted more easily by copyright owners.