收入、个体收入剥夺对城乡居民健康的影响──基于CGSS2010数据的实证分析

The Impact of Income,Individual Income Deprivation on Health of Urban and Rural Residents in China:An Analysis Based on CGSS2010

众所周知收入能够直接影响健康,但是个体收入剥夺产生的间接收入影响对于健康是否同样重要仍处于讨论之中。本文在CGSS2010截面数据的基础上,通过运用Ordered Logistic模型及半参数模型分别研究了个人收入及收入剥夺对个人自评健康和心理健康的影响。研究结果表明:采用Ordered Logistic模型,引入个体收入剥夺之前,收入对城市居民自评健康有显著负向影响,对农村居民自评健康和城乡居民心理健康都有显著的正向影响;引入个体收入剥夺之后,收入、个体收入剥夺对整体健康都呈反向显著关系。无论采用Ordered Logistic模型还是半参数模型,个体收入剥夺对城乡居民的自评健康和心理健康都有显著的负向影响。半参数核回归图表明,在城乡样本中,在低收入水平下收入的增加对自评健康和心理健康皆为正向的促进影响,而在高收入水平下收入对健康的影响有所分歧:城乡样本中收入对自评健康皆为负向影响;在农村样本中收入对心理健康有加速促进作用;在城镇样本中收入与心理健康呈现上升与下降接连交替的波动关系。

It is known to all that income can affect the health, but whether the indirect im- pact of income deprivation generated by income is also important for health is still under discussion. Based on the CGSS2010 data, we discuss the effects of income and income deprivation on self-rated health and mental health of individuals by applying ordered logistic model and semiparametric model. The results of ordered logistic regression show that： Before the introduction of individual income deprivation, income of urban residents have a significant negative impact on self-rated health, while it has a significant positive influence on self-rated health for rural residents and on mental health for both urban and rural resi- dents. When considered relative deprivation as a variable, both income and relative depri- vation have negative significant effect on self-rated health and mental health. Then the ker- nel regression figure shows： In urban and rural samples, the increasing of income have positive effect on self-rated health and mental health under low income level, while it tends to a different result considering the high income level condition： Income has negative influ- ence in self-rated health for both rural and urban residents; while in rural sample it has great promotive effect on mental health, it exists a successive relationship of fluctuations be- tween income and mental health for urban residents.