抗癫痫类药物致药物超敏反应综合征的文献分析

Literature analysis of drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome caused by antiepileptic drugs

目的探讨抗癫痫类药物致药物超敏反应综合征的临床特点、原因及常见致敏药物,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法检索从建库至2016年6月中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据库、中文科技期刊全文数据库(维普)和Pubmed数据库,查阅公开发表的抗癫痫药引起的超敏反应综合征案例报告,并进行统计和分析。结果综合文献报道纳入38例患者,其中中国人36例,日本人1例,法国人1例。致敏药物以苯巴比妥(36.84%)和卡马西平(39.47%)最常见。临床表现以发热、皮损为主。经治疗后35例好转,3例死亡。结论药物超敏反应综合征时有发生,临床应用时应密切关注患者的变化,以减少不良反应发生。

Objective To investigate the clinical feature, reason and common sensitization drugs of drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome caused by antiepileptic drugs, so as to provide reference for clinical rational drug use. Methods Reports of drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome caused by antiepileptic drugs in China Journal Full-text Database （CNKI）, Wanfang Database, Chinese Science and Technology Journal Full-text Database （VIP）, and Pubmed Database from database establishment to June 2016 were retrieved, and the literature involving cases were analyzed and discussed. Results A total of 38 cases from comprehensive literature reported were enrolled in, including 36 Chinese cases, 1 Japanese case and 1 French case. The most common sensitization drugs were phenobarbital （36.84%） and carbamazepine （39.47%）. Major clinical manifestations were fever and skin lesions. After treatment, 35 cases mproved, but three cases died. Conclusion Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome caused by antiepileptic drugs happens sometimes. In order to reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, clinical application should pay close attention to the change of the patients.