生命来路的回望——科马克·麦卡锡《路》的科学人文主义思想探析

Scientific Humanistic Ideas in Cormac McCarthy's The Road

美国后"9·11"小说家科马克·麦卡锡极具科学人文主义情怀,其小说《路》直面迅猛发展的科学霸权主义给人类造成的科学和人文之殇,试图探寻科学与人文融合的未来之路。小说中的核爆乃科学沙文主义的直接后果,它摧毁了人类赖以生存的生态环境,造成了末日般的荒原景象,使幸存的人类堕入无底的深渊,使人性全面异化到同类相食的野蛮状态。然而,末日灾难后仍有人文精神存在,仍有人性光辉闪烁。小说描写的是科学主义最终引发的灾难景象,却旨在反思科学主义与人文主义的相互关系,剖析麦卡锡关注后"9·11"时代人类生活现实及人类未来命运的科学人文主义情怀。

In his novel The Road,Cormac McCarthy,a post-9/11 novelist wellknown for his scientific and humanistic ideas,confronts the calamities caused to both science and humanity by the rapidly developing hegemony of science over human beings,thus exploring the possibility of fusing scientism with humanism in the future.The novel reveals that as a result of scientific chauvinism,nuclear explosion will destroy the ecological environment for human beings to survive and bring about a post-apocalyptic wasteland,wherein human survivors will fall into the bottomless abyss and human nature degenerate into the savage state of cannibalism.In the aftermath of the disaster,however,some humanistic spirit may still exist with lingering human glory.Through its prevision of apocalypse caused by extreme scientism,the novel reflects on the relationship between scientism and humanism and imaginatively expresses McCarthy＇s concern for social reality and human destiny in the post-9/11 era.