食品市场的制度结构与食品安全治理——基于多层次治理理论视角

The System Structure and Food Safety Administration in Food Market:from the view of Multi-level Governance Theory

食品作为一种特殊的商品,其交易特征是较低的商品价值和较低的可契约化程度,由此所导致的结果是食品交易所依赖的保障秩序不得不以私立秩序为主。食品市场包涵三个层次的治理结构,其重心是基于未来获益预期的关系治理机制,包括双边关系机制、多边关系机制和中介机制。食品安全治理策略包涵三个治理层次:对于规范层,关键是要提高监管者的信息获取能力,尤其是来自市场参与者们之间的互动信息;对于关系层,消费者和销售者都要进一步提高对互联网信息披露作用的依赖,食品市场是严重信息不对称的市场,互联网对于缓解食品市场的信息不对称具有天然的优势;对于规范层,不必急于求成,随着市场经济的深化发展,好的市场规范终将演化出来。

Food market includes three levels of governance structures,which focus on the governance mechanism based on the expected future benefit relationships including bilateral and multilateral relationship mechanism and mediating mechanism. The governance strategy for food market includes three governance levels: in the aspect of regulations,regulators' information obtaining ability should be improved,particularly the interactive information between market participants; in the aspect of relationship,consumers and sellers should further improve the dependence on the role of internet information disclosure since the internet owns a natural advantage to reduce information asymmetry in food market; in the aspect of regulations,we shouldn't rush to the success,since the better market regulation will eventually evolve with the further development of food market.