烟台市2014年大学新生戊型肝炎病毒感染状况和认知度调查

Infection status and cognition of hepatitis E among college freshmen in Yantai city of China in 2014

目的分析烟台市2014年大学新生戊型肝炎(戊肝)病毒感染情况和对戊肝认知情况,为戊肝防控策略的制定提供依据。方法采用整群抽样方法抽取烟台市3所大学1 000名2014年入学新生,采集血清,检测抗-HEV IgM和IgG。结果新入校大学生抗-HEV IgM阳性率为0.2%(2/1 000),抗-HEV IgG阳性率为2.8%(28/1 000)。不同性别、年龄、生源地之间的大学新生感染率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。15.0%(150/1 000)的大学生听说过戊肝,仅有6.5%(65/1 000)的大学生对戊肝有正确认知。49.8%(498/1 000)的大学生认为戊肝可以通过接种疫苗来预防,37.8%(378/1 000)的大学生愿意接种戊肝疫苗。结论烟台市大学新生戊肝保护性抗体水平较低,对戊肝知晓率较低,且不良生活习惯较多,具有高感染风险,为戊肝防控的重点人群。

Objective To analyze the status of HEV infection and awareness of hepatitis E among college freshmen in Yantai city of China in 2014. Methods A total of 1 000newly-admitted college students in three universities were recruited with cluster sampling,and serum samples were collected to detect anti-HEV IgM and anti-HEV IgG levels. Results The incidence of anti-HEV IgM was 0.2%（2/1 000）,while anti-HEV IgG was 2.8%（28/1 000）.There were no significant differences in the infection rate between different genders,ages and original regions of college students（P〉0.05）.15%（150/1 000）of the students had heard of hepatitis E but only 6.5%（65/1 000）showed correct cognition to hepatitis E.Though 49.8%（498/1 000）of these students thought that hepatitis E can be prevented by vaccination,only 37.8%（378/1 000）were willing to be vaccinated. Conclusions The incidence of anti-HEV IgG among new college students in Yantai was low,and they were at a high risk of infection.With poor awareness and many bad habits,these new students should be the target population for HEV control.