2015-2016年院前急救患者流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of pre-hospital emergency care from 2015 to 2016

目的：了解某一线城市2015-2016年院前急救患者的流行病学特征,为提升院前急救的服务质量、优化急救资源配置提供理论依据。方法：从某一线城市急救医疗指挥中心管理系统数据库提取2015-07-2016-06的全部院前急救患者资料106 304例,进行回顾性分析。结果：106 304例患者中男58 641例,女47 183例,男女比例1.24∶1。患者平均年龄（53.6±24.1）岁,≥75岁和25~44岁年龄段患者所占比例均超过25.0%。院前急救的高峰季节为春、冬季,一天中高峰时间段为8：00~00：00和20：00~22：00。疾病谱中排名前3位的系统疾病依次为：创伤、心脑血管疾病和呼吸系统疾病。院前急救的平均反应时间为（14.3±5.4）min。结论：院前急救患者的数量在季节、时间和疾病谱等分布上具有一定的特点和趋势,急救医疗指挥中心以及相关部门应该据此优化急救资源配置,提高院前急救效率。

Objective：To analyze the epidemiology of pre-hospital patients from 2015 to 2016in a first-tier city,in order to improve pre-hospital quality and make emergency resources to be optimized rationally.Method：A total of 106 304 calls received from the pre-hospital emergency center of the first-tier city were performed retrospectively from Jul-2015 to Jun-2016.Result：There were 106 304 valid cases included 58 641 males and 47 183 females,the ratio of male to female was 1.24∶1.Age groups of≥75and 25~44accounted for more than 25.0%.Spring and autumn were the peak season during ayear,and the peak time were 9：00~00：00and 20：00~22：00in one day.The leading three diseases were trauma,cardiovascular disease（CVDs）and respiratory system diseases.The reaction time of pre-hospital emergency was（14.3±5.4）min.Conclusion：The number of pre-hospital emergency patients had characteristics and trend,such as season,time and disease spectrum.According to epidemiology feature of prehospital emergency patients,pre-hospital emergency centers,and related departments should optimize emergency resource and improve the effectiveness of pre-hospital emergency services.