国际高等教育领域移动学习研究:回顾与展望

Research on Mobile Learning in Higher Education:Retrospect and Prospect

随着移动通讯技术的迅猛发展和移动终端设备的普及应用,高等教育已成为移动学习应用的主要领域。为了更好地开展移动学习研究,本研究查询了EBSCO及Elsevier数据库中高等教育领域移动学习的文献,并采用"滚雪球"方法最后得到83篇相关文献,然后从移动学习的定义、有效性、影响因素、系统设计开发以及所采用的研究方法五方面进行内容分析。研究表明,移动学习的定义不断变迁,呈现出三种类型的迭代发展,从以技术为中心、强调移动设备的应用,到关注学习者和学习过程的移动性,再到重视学习产生的原理、强调互动。未来高等教育移动学习研究应该加强对教师和管理者的研究、聚焦移动环境下教育教学理论研究、重视移动学习带来的混合学习的转变、关注面向影响因素调查结果的移动学习效果提升。

With the rapid development of mobile and wireless communication technologies and the increasing number of mobile users,higher education has become a main field of application and research for mobile learning.At the same time,more and more mobile resources emerged that provided a great condition for mobile learning.Mobile learning has become more and more important especially for higher education.This has led to the proliferation of mobile technologies and mobile devices being employed by higher education students for mobile learning purposes.And it was found that higher education students were the most utilized sample group in mobile learning.In order to promote educational informatization and to improve the quality of research on mobile learning in higher education,this study analyzed articles on mobile learning in higher education that were published during the years 2000 to 2015.Only papers categorized as ＂ articles＂ were utilized.A total of 83 articles were identified by searching within the specialized database sources EBSCO host and Elsevier and using the ＂Snowball＂ method which uses the most recent works to find relevant articles cited in them provide.These articles were cross-analyzed and categorized as the following four types：the development of the definition of mobile learning,the effectiveness of mobile learning,relevant factors about mobile learning,design of mobile learning system and methodology.The literature review demonstrates that the definition of mobile learning has been extended and was divided into three stages.Three types of definition were developed interactively.The first type was technology-centered,emphasizing the application of mobile devices.The second type stressed the mobility of learners and their learning process.The third type highlighted the principle of learning,focusing on interactions.It emphasized how to realize learning by using mobile technologies.This paper also analyzed the existing research on mobile learning in higher education,including the effectiveness of mobile learning,the relevant factors of mobile learning,design of mobile learning system,and the research methodology.Based on the analyses,this article provided insights for researchers on research trends and patterns of mobile learning in higher education.Furthermore,this paper concluded that the future research of mobile learning in higher education should strengthen the research on teachers and administrators,focus on mobile learning pedagogy,embed the change of blended learning,emphasize on improving effects of mobile learning based on relevant factors research.