四照花物种分布格局模拟及冰期避难所推测

Distribution Pattern and Glacial Refugia of Cornus kousa subsp.chinensis Based on MaxEnt Model and GIS

气候是影响物种多样性的重要自然因素,同时也影响生物的生长发育及其分布。该文以广泛分布于中国的观花植物四照花为研究对象,通过植物标本库查询和野外实地调查确定四照花在中国的分布情况,利用MaxEnt模型和ArcGIS软件模拟四照花的历史分布格局、当前分布格局及未来的分布趋势,计算不同时期物种分布面积的变化并分析物种分布变化产生的原因。研究结果显示:四照花当前的分布主要受降水量变异系数、最冷月份最低温、最冷季节平均温度和温度季节变化4个生物气候因子影响。此外,基于四照花在末次盛冰期、全新世中期和当前的分布格局的变化推测:冰期来临时,中西部的大巴山地区和东部天目山地区是四照花潜在分布的核心区,为四照花的冰期避难所。

Climate has great impacts on organism development and distribution.It is one of the most important abiotic factors that affect biodiversity.In this paper,we utilized flower species Cornus kousa subsp.chinensis as the research object,which was widely distributed in China,to investigate its distribution through the field survey and herbarium search,and used MaxEnt model and Arcgis to simulate its historical,current and future distribution trends and to analyze its distribution pattern in each historical period and explore the cause of species distribution changes.Research results showed that C.kousa subsp.chinensis distribution was strongly affected by Min temperature of the coldest month and Mean temperature of the coldest quarter.According to the distribution pattern of C.kousasubsp.chinensis in the Last Glacial Maximum,and Chinese geographical and geological features,we proposed that：central/western mountainous region and East mountainous region of China were the core area of the potential distribution for C.kousasubsp.chinensis,since these regions could provide more suitable habitats for C.kousasubsp.chinensis than other regions and be the refugia where the current C.kousasubsp.chinensis was expanded from.