常州市武进区1834名粉尘作业工人肺功能检测结果分析

Analysis on pulmonary function test results of 1 834 dust exposed workers in Wujin District of Changzhou City

目的了解不同年龄、不同工龄粉尘作业相关人员肺功能情况,为尘肺病的防治和管理提供科学依据。方法选取2015年在武进区疾病预防控制中心接受体检并做肺功能检查项目的 1 834名粉尘作业人员作为观察组,同时选取接受肺功能检查的1 050名非粉尘作业人员为对照组进行比较。结果观察组的FVC（87.93±9.19）、FEV1（88.65±10.16）和FEV1/FVC（88.15±9.37）均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义（均P〈0.01）。观察组的肺功能异常率为26.7%,高于对照组10.3%,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=108.7,P〈0.01）;肺功能异常主要为限制性通气功能障碍24.9%。随着工龄和年龄的不断增加,肺功能异常率有逐渐上升趋势,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论粉尘暴露会造成作业人群的肺功能下降,建议在加强粉尘作业工人健康监护的同时,应定期对其进行肺功能检查积极防治尘肺病。

[Objective]To understand the lung function of dust exposed workers with different age and different length of service,provide scientific basis for prevention and management of pneumoconiosis.[Methods]1 834 dust exposed workers who have received the physical examination and pulmonary function test in Wujin District Center for Disease Control and Prevention in 2015 were enrolled in the observation group,at the same time,1 050 workers without dust exposure,who have received the pulmonary function test,were recruited in the control group.[Results]The levels of FVC（87.93±9.19）,FEV1（88.65±10.16）and FEV1/FVC（88.15±9.37）in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.01）. The abnormal rate of pulmonary function in the observation group was 26.7%,which was higher than that in the control group（10.3%）,and the difference was statistically significant（χ^2=108.7,P〈0.01）. Lung dysfunction was mainly restricted ventilation dysfunction（24.9%）.The rate of lung dysfunction increased with increasing of age and length of service,and the differences were statistically significant（P〈0.05）. [Conclusion]Dust exposure can cause lung function decline in exposed workers. It is recommended that health monitoring of dust exposed workers should be strengthened,and the regular pulmonary function test should be carried out prevent and control the pneumoconiosis.