国内卫生监督移动执法现状分析

Situation analysis of domestic mobile health supervision law enforcement

目的分析国内卫生监督机构开展移动执法的现状,探索卫生监督移动执法的发展方向,为进一步推广卫生监督移动执法提供参考依据。方法在中国知网、维普、万方数据库检索2006—2016年间的相关文献,同时搜索卫生监督机构网站、政府网站有关卫生监督移动执法的宣传报道;使用Excel对卫生监督移动执法系统平台、移动执法设备、移动网络、移动执法系统实现的功能及其优越性进行统计分析。结果卫生监督机构开展现场移动执法在2011年后逐渐发展,已实施移动执法的卫生监督机构中,有64.4%选择使用省级统一的移动执法平台;移动执法终端选择手持移动执法终端的比例为63.2%,其次是智能手机,占21.8%;移动执法辅助设备选择便携式打印机高达97.6%;移动网络的选择主要是3 G,占74.6%。移动执法系统的主要应用功能是现场打印出具执法文书,达91.95%;现场制作录入执法文书,达90.8%;执法信息现场采集,达83.9%;数据实时同步处理,达62.06%。结论卫生监督移动执法已经成为卫生监督信息化的发展方向,尽管各地的移动执法建设模式不尽相同,但功能应用比较切合卫生监督实际工作,该方法明显提高工作效率、规范执法行为、提升执法服务水平、升级执法模式、避免执法的随意性和人为干预等,随着移动网络及互联网技术的发展,远程在线监控将是移动执法的研究热点。

[Objective]To analyze the status quo of mobile law enforcement by domestic health supervision agencies,explore the development direction of mobile health supervision law enforcement,and provide reference for the further promotion of mobile health supervision law enforcement. [Methods]The related literatures published during 2006-2016 were retrieved from Chinese How Net,VIP,Wanfang database,while the publicity reports about the mobile health supervision law enforcement were searched from websites of health supervision and government websites. Excel software was used to statistically analyze the functions and advantages of mobile health supervision law enforcement system platform,mobile law enforcement equipment,mobile network and mobile law enforcement system. [Results]The mobile health supervision law enforcement has been carried out by the health supervision agencies since 2011.Among health supervision agencies have implement mobile law enforcement,64.4% used the unified mobile law enforcement system platform at the provincial level. 63.2% used the handheld mobile terminal,followed by intelligent mobile phone（21.8%）. For mobile enforcement auxiliary equipment,the portable printer accounted for 97.6%. The main mobile network was 3 G,accounting for74.6%. The main application functions of mobile law enforcement system included printing law enforcement documents（91.95%）,writing law enforcement documents（90.8%）,field information acquisition（83.9%）,and real-time data processing（62.06%）.[Conclusion]Mobile health inspection law enforcement has become the development direction of health supervision informatization.Although construction models around mobile law enforcement are various,its function and application meet the actual work of health supervision,which can significantly improve efficiency,standardize law enforcement activities,enhance the level of law enforcement services,upgrade law enforcement model,and avoid the arbitrariness of law enforcement and human intervention. With the development of the mobile network and internet technology,the remote online monitor will be the research focus in the mobile law enforcement.