机采血小板献血不良反应的原因分析及护理对策

Analysis of Causes of Blood Donation Adverse Reaction of Machine-collected Platelets and Nursing

目的探究机采血小板献血不良反应的原因,制定有效护理对策,减少献血不良反应发生。方法采集2 688例机采血小板献血者的资料,对献血者献血期间出现的不良反应进行观察,并分析造成献血者出现献血不良反应的因素。结果所有献血者中,共有76例献血者出现不良反应,其中轻度占71.1%,中度占23.7%,重度占5.3%。精神紧张、抗凝剂蓄积反应是造成机采血小板献血不良反应的主要原因,个体因素也可引起不良反应。结论积极与献血者沟通,缓解其存在的不良情绪;控制血液采集速度,采集前、中给予补充葡萄糖酸钙等护理对策,可降低献血不良反应发生率。

Objective To explore the causes of adverse effects of blood donation in platelet collection,and to develop effective nursing strategies to reduce the occurrence of blood donation adverse reactions. Methods 2 688 cases of platelet blood donors were collected and the adverse reactions during blood donation were observed. The factors that caused blood donation adverse reactions were analyzed. Results Among all the donors,76 cases of patients had adverse reactions,including 71.1% mild, 23.7% moderate and 5.3% severe. Mental stress,anticoagulant accumulation reaction is the main cause of adverse effects of blood donation platelet collection,individual factors can also cause adverse reactions. Conclusion To communicate with blood donors actively,to alleviate the negative emotions,to control blood collection rate,before and during the collection of calcium gluconate and other care measures to reduce the incidence of adverse reactions to blood donation.