苏州湿地公园鸟类多样性与影响因子相关性研究

Bird Diversity and Its Impacting Factors in Suzhou Wetland Parks

调查了苏州8个湿地公园的鸟类资源,分析了湿地公园鸟类多样性与影响因子的相关性。结果表明:8个湿地公园样地共记录到鸟类10目33科114种,总数量11 200只,湿地水鸟种类占31.6%。种群以鹭科Ardeidae、麻雀科Passeridae、莺科Sylviidae和鸭科Anatidae为优势种群,白鹭Egretta garzetta为广布种,8个湿地公园的鸟类多样性差异较大。湿地公园可达面积与鸟类密度呈显著负相关;湿地公园水域面积与鸟类多样性呈显著正相关,与鸟类密度呈显著负相关;湿地公园日均游客密度与鸟类多样性呈显著负相关;保育区管理的局限性导致湿地公园保育区占比与鸟类多样性相关性不显著。

We investigated bird resources in 8 provincial level wetland parks and the influential factors of bird diversity was analyzed. Results indicated that： During the survey, a total number of 11200 birds were counted in 8 wetland parks belonging to 10 orders, 33 families, 114 species, of which 31.6% were wetland waterfowl species. The dominant species were Ardeidae,Passeridae, Sylviidae and Anatidae. Egretta garzetta is a cosmopolitan species distributed in every wetland park. The differences in bird diversity among the 8 wetland parks were large. The correlation between accessible area and bird species density was significantly negative. Water area had a significant positive correlation with bird diversity and a significant negative correlation with bird species density. The correlation between the average daily visitor density and bird species density was significantly negative. There was no significant correlation between the proportion of conservation area and the bird diversity because of managemental limitation of the wetland conservation area.