国内旅游业可持续发展的供求策略研究

Research on the Supply and Demand Strategy of Sustainable Development of Domestic Tourism Demand in China

国内旅游业可持续发展面临着突出的资源环境约束问题、旅游产品结构问题、区域旅游业发展不均衡问题等。本文基于相关文献研究,针对一系列现实问题构建了国内旅游业可持续发展的供求策略框架,包括生态化政策、多元化政策、一体化政策和差别化政策。四大类政策可细分为12小类政策,各政策之间存在替代或互补关系。由于替代性政策可以进行优化选择而互补性政策可以实现耦合强化,国内旅游业可持续发展政策创新包括:组合构建旅游资源资产管理与旅游资源有偿使用生态补偿政策;全面落实旅游市场细分优化与旅游产品合理定价政策;强化实施旅游收入市场激励与旅游消费政府激励政策;双向耦合选择偏好差别化满足与旅行成本差异化定位政策;多位结合四大类旅游供求策略。

The sustainable development of tourism in China is facing remarkable problems like the resource and environment constraint on tourism development,structural issues of tourism products,and the unbalanced development of the regions.Based on the relevant literature research for a series of realistic problems,this paper designs a framework of sustainable development strategy,including the ecological policy,diversified policy,integrated policy and differentiated policy.These four types of policy can be further subdivided into 12 categories and many other instruments,which hold the alternative or complementary relationships.Because the alternative policies can be optimized and the complementary policies can be reinforced,policy innovations of sustainable tourism development rest in many aspects,like combining the asset management of tourism resources and the compensation policy for ecological services of tourism resource;implementing the segmentation and optimization of tourism market with reasonable pricing strategy of tourism product;coordinating the market-based incentives with tourism revenue and the government-based incentives;meeting the differentiated preferences and the exact budget of differentiated travel cost;and the multiple combinations of either two policies of the four types of policy.