APEC期间京津冀区域大气污染物消减变化分析

Air pollution abatement in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei during the APEC period

为了解APEC期间京津冀区域大气污染状况,评估污染物减排措施对区域空气质量的影响,利用北京、天津、石家庄2014年10月24日~2014年11月22日大气污染物浓度的数据,对不同时段的污染物浓度水平和日变化特征进行比较分析。结果表明:APEC前10 d北京PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_2、NO_2、O_3浓度均值为114.7、149.4、9.5、68.5和24.8μg·m^(-3),天津为115.4、164.1、19.0、61.2和18.0μg·m^(-3),石家庄为154.8、269.8、49.3、64.2和27.28μg·m^(-3),北京、天津和石家庄CO均值分别为1.33、1.36和1.78 mg·m^(-3)。对比APEC前,APEC管控期间北京PM_(2.5)、PM_(10)、SO_2、NO_2、CO和O_3分别下降了59.4%、51.8%、14.7%、34.5%、29.3%和-29.8%,天津下降了35.4%、31.6%、-48.4%、12.6%、5.1%和-73.9%,石家庄下降了59.9%、60.0%、21.9%、27.1%、48.3%和4.4%,整体而言,大气污染物下降显著。APEC后,随着大气污染物管控措施的取消,京津冀地区大气污染反弹上升。除O_3以外,不同时段大气污染物浓度在APEC期间的日变化均小于APEC前后,这些结果表明京津冀地区污染源的联合控制取得了明显效果。

In this paper,variations and reduction of atmospheric pollutants were analyzed based on the data of pollutions（PM_（2.5）,PM_（10）,SO_2,NO_2,CO and O_3）according to real-time air quality reporting system in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei during the period of October 24 th,2014 to November 22 nd,2014,which revealed the good effects of implementation of the traffic restriction measures on atmospheric quality. The results show that the average concentrations of PM_（2.5）,PM_（10）,SO_2,NO_2 and O_3 in Beijing City were 46.6,72.0,8.1,44.9 and 32.2 μg·m^（-3）respectively,in Tianjin City were 74.6,112.2,28.2,53.5 and 31.3 μg·m^（-3）respectively,and in Shijiazhuang City were 62.0,107.9,38.5,46.8 and 26.0 μg·m^（-3）respectively. Average CO concentration of the three cities were 1.33,1.36 and1.78 mg·m^（-3）during the traffic restriction period. Compared with the period before the traffic restrictions,the average concentrations of PM_（2.5）,PM_（10）,SO_2,NO_2,CO and O_3 in Beijing reduced by 59.4%,51.8%,14.7%,34.5%,29.3% and-29.8% respectively,in Tianjin reduced by 35.4%,31.6%,-48.4%,12.6%,5.1% and-73.9% respectively,and in Shijiazhuang reduced by 59.9%,60.0%,21.9%,27.1%,48.3%and 4.4% respectively,during the traffic restrictions period. Atmospheric pollutants showed an obvious declining trend,after the APEC period,with the cancellation of the traffic restrictions measures,atmospheric pollutants showed an upward tendency,indicating that the implementation of the traffic restriction measures had acquired significant effect. In addition to O_3,diurnal variations of atmospheric pollutants during the traffic restrictions period was lower than that before the traffic restriction measures and that after the traffic restriction measures in different periods. In addition to O_3,compared with the effect of atmospheric pollutants emission reduction under other big events,the concentration of atmospheric pollutants during APEC was slightly higher than that during other activities,it is closely related to the seasonal changes and meteorological conditions. Due to government policies and emission reduction,air quality came up to national standard during the APEC period,indicating that the pollution was truly caused by high emissions,and the controlling of pollutants emission can make air quality up.