单县地区致病菌分布及耐药分析

Analysis of distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in Shanxian county area

目的：了解近年单县地区致病菌的分布特点及耐药情况，为临床抗生素使用提供及时有效的理论依据。方法：收集2015年1—12月单县中心医院临床标本中分离的致病菌11847株，采用VITEK2系统进行细菌鉴定，药敏测定采用VITEK2系统或KB-纸片法测定。结果：11847份标本共分离出各种病原菌5391株，其中革兰氏阳性球菌781株，占14．48％，革兰氏阴性杆菌3873株，占71．84％。革兰氏阴性菌中以铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希氏菌、肺炎克雷伯氏菌和鲍曼不动杆菌为主，革兰氏阳性球菌中以金黄色葡萄球菌为主。产超光谱β内酰胺酶（ESBL）、多重耐药／泛耐药铜绿假单胞菌（MDR／PDR-PA）、耐碳青霉烯类抗菌药物鲍曼不动杆菌（CR—AB）和耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）情况比较严重。结论：单县地区分离细菌耐药现象较为普遍，应该开展细菌耐药性监测，对指导临床合理使用抗菌药物有重要意义。

Objective： The present study aimed to investigate the distribution and drug resistance situation of pathogenil bacteria in Shanxian county area to provide evidence for the clinical antibiotic usage. Methods： 11847 strains of pathogenic bacteria were iso- lated from clinical samples of Shanxian County central Hospital from January to December 2015. Bacteria were determined by VITEK2 system and the drug suscestibility was determined by VITEK2 system or KB- paper method. Results： A total of 5391 stranis ofpathogeni bactieria were isolated from 118747 samples. Gram-positive coccus constituted 14.48% （781 strains ） and gramnegative bacteria 71.84% （3873 strains） was detected. Gram-negative bacteria were predominantly composed of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia cell, Klebsieila pneumoniae and Bauman acinetobacter. Staphylococcus aureus was the main pathogen of grampositive bacteria. The situation of producing extended spectrum beta lactamase （ESBL） and multi drug resistant / PAN resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria MDR/PDR-PA, resistance of carbapenem class antibacterial drug Acinetobacter baumannii （CR-AB） and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureu （MRSA） is serious. Conclusion： Isolation of bacterial drug resistance is common in Shanxian County area. Bacterial drug resistance monitoring should be carried out to guide clinical rational use of antibiotics.