口服益生菌对坏死性小肠结肠炎极低体重早产患儿营养状态及疾病并发症的影响

Effect of oral probiotics on nutritional status and complications in extremely low birth weight premature infants with necrotizing enterocolitis

目的探讨口服益生菌(双歧杆菌四联活菌片)对坏死性小肠结肠炎(Necrotizing Enterocolitis,NEC)极低体重早产患儿营养状态及疾病并发症发生情况的影响。方法选择2015年1月1日至2015年12月31日本院收治的90例NEC极低体重早产患儿为研究对象,随机分为对照组与观察组(每组各45例),两组均予常规营养支持治疗、防治感染,观察组在此基础上于入院24 h内予口服益生菌治疗。比较两组治疗前后营养状态及并发症发生情况。结果治疗前,两组血清前白蛋白和白蛋白水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,观察组完全达到肠内营养所需天数显著少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组血清前白蛋白及白蛋白水平均显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,两组并发症总发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,观察组并发症总发生率显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论口服益生菌可有效改善NEC极低体重早产患儿的营养状况及NEC并发症发生情况,为NEC的治疗提供有利的条件。

Objective To investigate the effect of oral probiotics on the nutritional status and the risk of complications in extremely low birth weight infants with necrotizing enterocolitis （NEC）. Methods Ninety cases of premature neonates with birth weight 〈1500 g and with concomitant NEC were randomly assigned into two groups： control group and treatment group, with 45 cases in each group. The two groups were given conventional nutritional support treatment, prevention and treatment of infection. The treatment group received additional oral probiotic intestinal probiotics within 24 hours of admission. The nutritional status and complications of the two groups were compared before and after treatment. Results At baseline, there was no significant difference in the levels of serum prealbumin and albumin between the two groups （P〉 0.05）. The number of days required for complete enteral nutrition was significantly less in the treatment group than in the control group （P〈 0.05）. After treatment, serum albumin and albumin levels in the treatment group were significantly higher than the control group （P 〈0.05）. There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications between the two groups before treatment （P〉 0.05）. However, the incidence of complications in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group after treatment （P 〈0.05）. Conclusion Oral probiotics can effectively improve the nutritional status of children with NEC, and can also reduce the complications of NEC. It has significant clinical potential.