成都市流感样病例常见呼吸道病毒流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of common respiratory viruses in influenza-like cases in Chengdu

目的 了解成都市流感样病例常见呼吸道病毒感染状况.方法 抽取2014年5月-2015年11月间成都市3个流感监测点采集的流感样病例的临床标本1367份,使用PCR法进检测甲型流感病毒、乙型流感病毒、丙型流感病毒、Ⅰ型副流感病毒、Ⅱ型副流感病毒、Ⅲ型副流感病毒、Ⅳ型副流感病毒和鼻病毒8种病毒及其亚型.结果 1367份标本中共374份8种病毒检测呈阳性,其中19例为混合感染,总阳性检出率为27.36％.阳性检出率夏季最高（32.68％）,秋季最低（23.76％）,春季和冬季分别为28.01％和31.26％,四季检出率结果有统计学差异（x2=17.334,P＜0.001）.19例混合感染的样本,以鼻病毒合并其他病毒感染为主.结论 成都市流感样病例以鼻病毒、甲型和乙型流感病毒感染为主,其次为丙型流感病毒感染,偶发副流感病毒感染.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory viruses in influenza-like cases in Chengdu city.Methods A total of 1367 clinical specimens were selected from three influenza surveillance sites in Chengdu from May 2014 to November 2015.PCR was used to detect 8 viruses and their subtypes,including influenza A virus,influenza B virus,influenza C virus,type Ⅰ,type Ⅱ type Ⅲ and type Ⅳ parainfluenza virus and rhinovirus.Results Three hundred and seventy-three samples were positive for the 8 virus,and 19 samples were mixed infections.The total positive detection rate was 27.36%.The positive rate was the highest in summer（32.68%）,and lowest in autumn（23.76%）.In spring and winter,the rates were 28.01% and 31.26%,respectively.The difference among the seasons was significant （x2 =17.334,P 〈 0.05）.Mix infections were mostly caused by rhinovirus and other virus in the 19 samples.Conclusions The predominant viruses in Chengdu were nasal virus and influenza A and B,with some influenza virus C.