内蒙古自治区2013年麻疹流行病学特征分析及麻疹疫苗的接种情况

Epidemiological characteristics of measles and inoculation of measles vaccine in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China in 2013

目的分析2013年内蒙古自治区麻疹流行病学特征及麻疹疫苗的接种情况。方法应用描述流行病学方法,对2013年内蒙古自治区麻疹疫情资料进行分析,评价麻疹成分疫苗(measles-containing vaccine,MCV)的接种情况及麻疹监测系统(Measles Surveillance System,MSS)的运行质量。结果内蒙古自治区2013年报告麻疹病例590例,发病率为2.37/10万,全自治区各盟市均有病例报告。麻疹发病呈季节性分布,第16~31周病例数(559例)占病例总数的94.95%;0~4岁组发病数(282例)和发病率(25.34/10万)最高,其次为30~34岁组(发病数为36例,发病率为3.81/10万);流动人口占全部报告病例的7.63%(45例),非流动人口占92.37%(545例);不满8月龄组病例98例,占病例总数的16.61%,其中免疫2剂、1剂、未免疫MCV及免疫史不详的比例分别为6.78%(40例)、7.63%(45例)、24.75%(146例)和44.23%(261例);第1剂(MCV1)实种268 182人,报告接种率为99.63%,第2剂(MCV2)实种257 466人,报告接种率为99.51%。通过MSS共报告疑似麻疹病例1 138例,99.82%(1 136例)报告了个案调查信息,48 h内个案完整调查比例为99.82%,主要基因型为H1a。结论 2013年内蒙古自治区麻疹发病率较低,MCV接种效果良好,今后应进一步提高自治区MCV接种率,将常规免疫作为核心,做好重点人群麻疹疫苗(measles vaccine,MV)的补种工作,提高MSS系统的运行效率和质量,控制麻疹传播直至消除。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles as well as the inoculation of measles vaccine in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China in 2013. Methods The data on epidemic of measles in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2013 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method, and the inoculation of measles-containing vaccine（MCV） and the running quality of（Measles Surveillance System, MSS） were evaluated.Results A total of 590 cases of measles were reported in 2013 in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, indicating an incidence rate of 2. 37/100 000, which were distributed in all the leagues or cities. The morbidity of measles was characterized by seasonal distribution, of which those occurring at weeks 16 - 31 accounted for 94. 95%（559 cases） of the total cases. The number（282 cases） and rate（25. 34/100 000） of morbidity in age group of 0 - 4 years were the highest, followed by those in ages group of 30 ~ 34 years（36 cases, 3. 81/100 000）. A portion of 7. 63%（45 cases）of total cases occurred in floating population, while 92. 3%（545 cases） in residents. Ninety-eight cases occurred in the infants at ages of less than 8 months, which accounted for 16. 61% of total cases, including 6. 78%（40 cases） in the infants after inoculation with 2 doses of vaccine, 7. 63%（45 cases）in those after inoculation with one dose, 24. 75%（146cases） in those unimmunized with MCV, and 44. 23%（261 cases） in those without clear vaccination history. The first dose of MCV（MCV1） was inoculated in 268 182 subjects, of which the reported coverage was 99. 63%. However, the second dose（MCV2） was inoculated in 257 466 subjects, of which the reported coverage was 99. 51%. A total of 1 138 cases of suspected measles were reported by MSS, in which 99. 82 % of individual survey information were reported,99. 82% completed the total survey within 48 h, and the main genotype was H1 a. Conclusion The morbidity of measles in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in 2013 was low, indicating good effect of immunization with MCV. The coverage of MCV in this region should be further improved, and supplementary immunization should be strengthened based on routine immunization to enhance the running efficacy and quality of MSS thus control untion of elimination of the disease.