供给侧改革对就业与劳动关系的影响探讨

The Influence of Supply-side Reform on Employment and Labor Relations

为进一步推进经济社会全面协调可持续发展,中国政府提出以"去产能、去库存、去杠杆、降成本、补短板"为主要内容的供给侧结构性改革。在改革推进的初期,随着产业结构的深刻变动和优化升级,相关行业和企业可能经历关停并转,这将在某些地区、某些行业、某些企业出现较大规模的失业现象进而出现劳动关系紧张的局面。但随着中长期内供给侧结构性改革的深入推进,经济发展不断创造就业岗位和劳动力在不同行业间的转移,就业总量将会增加,就业结构更趋优化,劳动关系将逐步和谐稳定。在此过程中,要通过加强职工培训不断提升劳动力的岗位转换能力,也要通过提高公共就业服务质量不断拓宽社会就业服务途径,以有效缓解由于推进供给侧结构性改革导致的失业和劳动关系紧张问题。

To further promote the comprehensive, balanced and sustainable economic and social development, the Chinese Gov- ernment put forward ＂cut overcapacity and excess inventory, deleverage, reduce costs, and strengthen points of weakness＂ as the main content of the structural reform of supply side. At the beginning of the reform, the relevant industries and enterprises may close down, suspend operation, merge with others or shift to different line of production as the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, and this can result in a larger scale unemployment and labor relations tensions. But with the long-term structural reform of supply side, economic development continues to create jobs and labor transfers in different industries, and this can increase the total employment, further optimize employment structure and create harmonious and stable labor relations. In this process, enhancing the post conversion ability of the labor force by strengthening staff training, improving the quality of public employment service and widening the ways of social employment service can effectively alleviate the unemployment and labor relations tensions caused by promoting the structural reform of supply side.