儿童早期综合干预对婴幼儿生长发育的影响

The impact of early comprehensive intervention on growth and development of infants and young children

目的探讨早期综合干预对婴幼儿生长发育的影响。方法将本地区所有1个月0天至2个月30天的婴儿168例按居住社区随机分为研究组和对照组,研究组定期接受干预、随访和测评;对照组仅接受常规随访和测评。所有儿童随访至18个月,在儿童2、6、10、14、18个月龄进行神经行为、体格发育测评。结果两组婴儿在10、14、18个月时体格发育差异有显著性(P<0.05),表现为10个月时研究组体重高于对照组,14、18个月时研究组身高、体重、头围均高于对照组。两组儿童在14、18个月时ASQ总分有显著性差异(P<0.05),研究组高于对照组;不同能区进行比较,6个月时两组儿童在沟通、精细动作能区的差异有显著性(P<0.05),10个月时两组儿童在沟通、精细动作、解决问题能区的差异有显著性(P<0.05),在14、18个月时除大运动能区外,其他能区均有显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论儿童早期科学干预活动可促进婴幼儿神经行为及体格发育。

Objective To explore the impact of early comprehensive intervention on growth and development of infants and young children. Method All children aged 1 month 0 day to 2 months 30 days in our region were randomly divided into intervention group and control group by children＇s residential community. Children in the intervention group received intervention in regular intervals, follow-up and evaluation; children in the control group received only routine follow-up and evaluation. All children were followed up to 18 months, and received evaluation of the neurobehavioral and physical development at 2, 6, 10, 14, 18 months of age. Result Physical growth of the two group of children was significantly different at 10, 14 and 18 months of age, which showed the weight of intervention group was higher than that of control group at 10 months of age, and the height, weight and circumference of intervention group were higher than that of control group at 14 and 18 months of age. The ASQ scores of the two groups had significant difference（P〈0.05） at 14 and 18 months of age, the scores of intervention group were higher than that of control group. Comparing different domains, at 6 months of age, two groups of children in communication and fine motor domain had significant difference（P〈0.05）; at 10 months of age, two groups of children in the communication, fine motor, problem solving domain had significant difference（P〈0.05）; at 14 and 18 months of age, all domains had significant difference（P〈0.05） except gross motor domain. Conclusion Scientific interventions in early childhood can promote neurobehavioral and physical development of infants and young children.