护理绩效考核中护理技术风险及难度系数的等级设计及应用

Rank design and application of nursing technical risk and difficulty coefficient in performance evaluation

目的对临床常用护理技术项目的风险及难度系数实施等级设计，旨在为护理绩效考核提供更加公平公正的科学理论依据。方法应用自行设计的《护理技术项目风险及难度系数测评调查问卷》，对5所三级甲等医院270名临床一线护士和15名来自不同领域的护理技能培训专家进行问卷调查，运用聚类分析法分析评价护理技术项目风险及难度等级。结果45项常用护理技术项目风险和难度分为高、中、低3个等级，高风险包含15个指标（4.0~10.0分），中风险包含18个指标（0.9~3.0分），低风险包含12个指标（-10.0~0.8分）；高难度包含14个指标（4.0~10.0分），中难度包含17个指标（0.5~3.0分），低难度包含14个指标（-10.0~0.4分）。结论研究得到了护理技术项目风险及难度等级，并在护理绩效考核的基础上加以应用，为制订更加公平公正合理的绩效考核方案和护理人力资源配备提供了科学的理论依据，有利于临床护理质量及护士满意度的提高。

ObjectiveTo design the risk and difficulty degree of common clinical nursing operation items with the purpose of offering much fair and scientific theoretical basis for the performance evaluation. MethodsSelf-designed questionnaires of risk and difficulties of nursing operation items were applied on 270 clinical nurses from 5 Third-level Grade A hospitals and 15 nursing training experts from different domains. Using the methods of clustering methodology to evaluate the risk and difficulty degree of nursing operation items.ResultsThe risk and difficulties of 45 items of common nursing technical operations were ranked into 3 levels of rank and difficulties, in which the high level included 15 risk indexes （4.0 to 10.0 points） and 14 difficulty indexes （4.0 to 10.0 points）, the middle level includes 18 risk indexes （0.9 to 3.0 points） and 17 difficulty indexes （0.5 to 3.0 points）, low level includes 12 risk indexes （-10.0 to-0.8 points） and 14 difficulty indexes （-10.0 to-0.4 points）.ConclusionsThe risk and difficulty of nursing operation are ranked in this study. What′s more, it is applied on the basis of nursing performance evaluation. Thus, it is offered much fair and scientific basis for the performance evaluation and human resources arrangement of nursing. And it also benefits for clinical nursing quality and the satisfaction of nurses.