正常成人在面孔识别过程中的脑事件相关电位特征

Research on Characteristics of ERP in Normal Adult Face Recognition

目的:应用脑事件相关电位(ERP)技术对于人的面孔识别机制进行研究,为评价早期认知功能障碍提供依据。方法:对30名正常志愿者进行面孔识别ERP实验,使用E-Prime软件进行面孔和房子等刺激目标的程序编辑,采用64导Neuroscan脑电信号采集系统进行脑电信号采集,并用Curry 7软件进行离线数据分析,应用SPSS17.0统计软件包统计学分析。结果:P100波幅的性别主效应显著(F=9.529,P<0.01),刺激类型主效应显著(F=7.365,P<0.01)。P100的潜伏期性别主效应显著(F=6.967,P<0.01),刺激类型主效应显著(F=13.270,P<0.01)。N170潜伏期的性别主效应显著(F=48.356,P<0.01),波幅和潜伏期的刺激类型主效应也均显著(F=36.782,38.309;P<0.01),其中面孔刺激的波幅和潜伏期均大于房子(-8.847±4.453、-6.787±4.730μv,162.356±13.834、148.352±16.917ms;F=74.243,75.140;P<0.01),倒立面孔波幅和潜伏期均大于正立面孔(P=0.010,0.020),但倒立房子的波幅和潜伏期与正立房子均无显著差异(P>0.05)。VPP波幅的刺激类型主效应显著(F=58.104,P<0.01),电极部位主效应显著(F=9.136,P<0.01)。N300波幅的性别主效应显著(F=10.936,P<0.01),刺激类型主效应显著(F=4.595,P<0.01),电极部位主效应也显著(F=6.396,P<0.01)。结论:给予面孔视觉刺激后,首先同时在两侧大脑枕叶产生同等强度,没有面孔翻转效应的P100电位;随后同时在两侧大脑颞枕部产生具有明显右侧大脑优势和面孔翻转效应的特异性N170;最后,在额中央区产生晚期对于面孔进行分析加工的N300成分。

Objective：To explore a basis for evaluating early cognitive dysfunction by studying the brain mechanism in face recognition revealed by Event-related Potential（ERP）.Methods：ERP experiments on face recognition were carried out in 30 normal volunteers.The E-Prime software was used to make a program editor of stimulating objects,such as faces and houses.Using a 64 Channel Neuroscan EEG Signal Acquisition System to collect EEG signals and the Curry7 software to carry out an offline data analysis.Finally,all data were analysised by the SPSS17.0statistical software.Results：P100amplitudes showed significant main effects of genders（F=9.529,P〈0.01）and stimulus types（F=7.365,P〈0.01）;P100latency showed significant main effects of genders（F=6.967,P〈0.01）and stimulus types（F=13.270,P〈0.01）.N170 latency showed significant main effects of genders（F=48.356,P〈0.01）;Besides,N170 amplitudes and latency showed significant main effects of stimulus types（F=36.782,38.309,P〈0.01）.Among them,the amplitudes and latency stimulated by the face were larger than those stimulated by the house（F=74.243,75.140;P〈0.01）;the amplitudes and latency stimulated by the inverted face were larger than those stimulated by the upright face（P〈0.05）;but there were no differences in the amplitudes and latency stimulated by the inverted house and the upright house（P=0.054/0.414）.VPP amplitudes showed significant main effects of stimulus types（F=58.104,P〈0.01）and electrode sites（F=9.136,P〈0.01）.N300 amplitudes showed significant main effects of genders（F=10.936,P〈0.01）,stimulus types（F=4.595,P〈0.01）and electrode sites（F=6.396,P〈0.01）.Conclusion：After the volunteers is given face visual stimulus,occipital lobe on both sides of the brain simultaneously generates P100 electric potential with the same intensity and without faces flip effects.Then cerebraltemporal occipital regions on both sides of the brain simultaneously generate special N170 with obvious advantages of the right side of the brain and faces flip effects.Finnaly,frontal region generates N300 ingredients reflecting the later analysis and processing of faces.