医学院校青年教师工作压力现状

The Investigate and Research About the Job Pressure of Young Teachers in Medical Universities

目的:调查医学院校青年教师工作压力状况,为开展有针对性的心理减压工作提供一定的理论依据和数据支持。方法:采用大学教师工作压力量表(CWSS)对某医学院校青年教师工作压力进行调查,并对不同性别、专业、学位及职称的医学院校青年教师工作压力状况进行统计分析。结果:(1)医学院校青年教师在工作保障、教学保障、工作乐趣3个因子及CWSS的总得分均高于国内经典研究,但仅在工作保障、教学保障2个因子得分差异有统计学意义(t=3.2078,7.5980;P<0.05);医学院校青年教师在人际关系及工作负荷2个因子得分均低于国内经典研究,但仅在人际关系1个因子得分差异有统计学意义(t=3.8281,P<0.05);(2)在性别方面,女性青年教师在工作保障、教学保障、工作负荷3个因子及CWSS的总得分均高于男性青年教师,但仅在工作保障1个因子得分差异有统计学意义(t=4.2174,P<0.05);男性青年教师在人际关系及工作乐趣2个因子高于女性青年教师,但仅在工作乐趣1个因子得分差异有统计学意义(t=3.2858,P<0.05);(3)在专业方面,医学专业青年教师在工作保障、教学保障、人际关系、工作负荷、工作乐趣5个因子及CWSS的总分得分均低于非医学专业青年教师,但差异均无统计学意义;(4)在学位方面,学士学位青年教师在工作保障、教学保障2个因子得分均为最高,而博士学位青年教师得分均为最低,但差异均无统计学意义;学士学位青年教师在人际关系、工作负荷及工作乐趣两个因子得分均为最低,而博士学位青年教师得分均为最高,但差异均无统计学意义;硕士学位青年教师在工作乐趣因子得分最高,博士学位青年教师在工作乐趣因子得分最低,但差异均无统计学意义;硕士学位青年教师CWSS的总分得分最低,博士学位青年教师CWSS的总分得分最高,但差异均无统计学意义;(5)在职称方面,中级职称青年教师在教学保障及人际关系2个因子得分最高,在工作负荷及工作乐趣2个因子得分最低,但与副高职称及正高职称青年教师之间差异均无统计学意义;副高职称青年教师在工作保障、工作负荷2个因子及CWSS的总分得分均为最高,但与中级职称及正高职称青年教师之间差异均无统计学意义;正高职称青年教师在工作保障、教学保障、人际关系及CWSS的总分得分均为最低,在工作乐趣因子得分最高,但仅在教学保障因子方面,正高职称青年教师与中级职称青年教师之间差异有统计学意义(t=2.3621,P=0.0191),与副高职称青年教师得分之间差异有统计学意义(t=2.1543,P=0.0328)。结论:医学院校青年教师总体面临较大的工作压力,且产生的原因较为多样,需引起一定的重视。

Objective：To explore the work pressure of young teachers in medical universities,to carry out intervention targeted the work of the psychological pressure to provide a theoretical basis and data support.Methods：Using the University Teachers＇ Job Stress Scale（College Working Stress Scale,CWSS）to investigate the work pressure of young teachers in a medical university,and to analyze the pressure situation of young teachers in medical universities by different gender,professional,work pressure of and professional degree.Results：（1）The total scores of CWSS and3factors（job security,teaching security and work fun）were higher than those of the domestic classic research,but only in job and teaching security those 2factors＇ score had statistically significant differences（t=3.2078,7.5980,P〈0.05）;The interpersonal relationship and the working load of the 2factor scores of young teachers in medical universities were lower than the classic domestic studies,but only in 1factors of interpersonal relationship difference had statistically significant difference（t=3.8281,P〈0.05）.（2）In the aspect of gender,the 3factor in job security,teaching security,work load and the total scores of CWSS of female young teachers in medical universities were all higher than the males,but only the differences in job security had significant difference（t=4.2174,P〈0.05）,the 2factor in interpersonal relationships and work fun of male young teachers in medical universities were all higher than the females,but only the differences in job security had significant difference（t=4.2174,P〈0.05）.（3）In the aspect of pro-fessional,the 5factor score in job security,teaching security,interpersonal relationships,workload,work fun and total scores of CWSS of young teachers in medical profession were all lower than these young teachers of non-medical profession,but all the differences had no significant difference（P〈0.05）.（4）In the aspect of degree,the young teachers with bachelor＇s degree had the highest score in job security and teaching security,and the young teachers with doctor＇s degree had the lowest score in job security and teaching security,but all the differences had no significant difference（P〈0.05）.The young teachers with bachelor＇s degree had the lowest score in interpersonal relationships and workload,and the young teachers with doctor＇s degree had the highest score in interpersonal relationships and workload,but all the differences had no significant difference（P〈0.05）.The young teachers with master＇s degree had the highest score in work fun,and the young teachers with doctor＇s degree had the lowest score in work fun,but the differences had no significant difference（P〈0.05）.The young teachers with master＇s degree had the highest score in total score of CWSS,and the young teachers with doctor＇s degree had the lowest score in in total score of CWSS,but the differences had no significant difference（P〈0.05）.（5）In the aspect of title,the young teachers with lecturer title had the highest score in teaching security and interpersonal relationships,the lowest score in workload and work fun,but the differences between the young teachers with associate professor title and professor title all had no significant difference（P〈0.05）.Young teachers with associate professor title had the highest score in job security,workload and total score of CWSS,but the differences between the young teachers with lecturer title and professor title all had no significant difference（P〈0.05）.The young teachers with professor title had the lowest score in job security,teaching security,interpersonal relationships and total score of CWSS,but only the differences in teaching security with young teachers with lecturer title had significant difference（t=2.3621,P〈0.05）,young teachers with associate professor title also had significant difference（t=2.1543,P〈0.05）.Conclusion：There is greater works＇ pressure of general young teachers in medical universities,and causes of this are various,this should be paid great attention.