“全球南方”中的非洲出路何在--万隆会议和泛非主义的教训

Whither Africa in the Global South?Lessons of Bandung and Pan-Africanism

本文系作者在巴西圣保罗联邦大学"全球南方国际研讨会——从万隆会议到21世纪"(2015年9月28—30日)上的主题发言。他首先回顾了关于全球资本主义的政治经济学,然后系统地描述了泛非主义、非洲民族主义及其新自由主义成果"非洲发展新伙伴计划"的轨迹,以及万隆会议及其遗产金砖国家合作。作者认为,非洲的民族问题依然没有得到解决。外围国家的资产阶级没有能力解决这些问题。他们的"金砖国家"、"非洲发展新伙伴计划"和"全球南方"等话语,到头来只不过是与北方融合的意识形态。据他观察,在非洲知识分子当中,有了泛非主义意识形态的复兴,或许是得到了翻新,目的是解决民族解放和社会解放问题。

The article is the author's keynote address to the International Seminar on the Global South –From Bandung to the XXI Century(September28-30, 2015) at Universidade Federal Sāo Paulo. He first takes a detour into the political economy of global capitalism, and then describes systematically the trajectories of Pan-Africanism and African Nationalism and its neo-liberal progeny NEPAD on the one hand, and Bandung and its progeny BRICS on the other. As he argues, the national question in Africa remains unresolved. The bourgeoisies in the periphery are incapable of resolving these questions. Their discourses of BRICS and NEPAD and the Global South are, at the end of the day, ideologies of integration with the North. Among African intellectuals, as he observes, there is a resurrection of the ideology of pan-Africanism, perhaps refurbished, to address both the question of national liberation and social emancipation.