人参“大补元气”中医及生物学内涵研究

A Research on the Effects of Reinforcing Vital Energy of Panax Ginseng Based on Traditional and Modern Studies

人参是"百草之王",能够大补元气、回阳救逆,且作为治疗虚劳补益第一要药应用至今,然而其"大补元气"的物质基础和作用机制尚不明确。虽然,现代研究发现人参皂苷、多糖等具有抗疲劳、增强免疫力、抗衰老、抗肿瘤、抗动脉粥样硬化等多种药理作用,但其现代药理作用与传统功效的内在联系还不清楚,且缺乏科学的阐释。本文结合相关研究工作,对人参传统功效的中医学内涵及应用、现代研究进展及展望进行了概述,以期为更深入研究人参传统功效的科学内涵及诠释其临床药效机制提供参考。

Panax ginseng, as the king of herbs with a long medicinal history, has a potential role of reinforcing vital energy and rescuing the dying applied to the treatment of consumptive disease as the first-choice drug. However, it is still unclear about therapeutic basis and mechanism of Panax ginseng on reinforcing vital energy. Present studies showed that chemical components of Panax ginseng, such as ginsenosides and polysaccharides, were identified with a wide variety of pharmacological activities, including anti-fatigue, immunological enhancement, anti-aging, anti-cancer and anti-atherosclerotic effects. Yet the inherent relationships of classical and biological functions of Panax ginseng remained to be clarified. Based on previous studies, Chinese medical basis, modern research progress and future research directions of biological activities of Panax ginseng were summarized to uncover the therapeutic basis behind the classical functions of ginseng and provide a reference for the explaination of its clinical efficacy.