2015年东海县疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析

Surveillance of adverse events following immunization in Donghai County, 2015

目的了解2015年东海县疑似预防接种异常反应(AEFI)发生情况。方法通过中国AEFI信息管理系统收集2015年AEFI监测报告的数据,进行统计分析。结果 2015年共报告AEFI 403例,报告发生率为813.93/100万。全县21个预防接种单位、全年每月均有AEFI报告,报告发生率李埝乡最高1551.78/100万,石梁河镇最低441.21/100万;报告及时率、完整率均100%。一般反应383例,占95.04%,异常反应20例,占4.96%。发热、红肿、硬结最多,占总数的93.55%;其次是过敏反应占4.47%。年龄以2岁以内发生最多,占79.65%。涉及16种疫苗,其中无细胞百白破疫苗发生率及构成比均最高,分别为2744.50/100万、46.90%,卡介苗AEFI报告发生率及构成比均最低,分别为63.26/100万、0.25%。结论东海县AEFI监测系统运转良好,监测敏感性、完整性、及时性均达到国家监测要求,需采取综合性措施降低AEFI的发生。

Objective To understand the situation of adverse events following immunization（AEFI） in Donghai County, 2015. Methods The data of AEFI in 2015 were collected through the AEFI information management system（AEFIIMS）. The descriptive statistics were used for analyses. Results A total of 403 AEFI cases were reported in 2015 and the incidence was 813.93/1 000 000. The AEFI cases were reported in all 21 vaccination units of the county all year around. Of these units, Linian had the highest incidence with a rate of 1551.78/1 000 000, while Shilianghe had the lowest incidence with a rate of 441.21/1 000 000. The timeliness rate and integrity rate were both 100%. Totally 383 cases had common reactions accounting for 95.04%, and the other 20 cases had rare vaccine reactions accounting for 4.96%. The most reactions were fever, local swelling and indurations with a rate of 93.55%, and the second was anaphylactic reactions with a rate of 4.47%. Most of the persons with AEFI were less than 2 years old, accounting for 79.65%. The reports involved 16 vaccines. Of these vaccines, the incident rate and constitution ratio of DTa P vaccine were the highest with the rates of 2744.50/1 000 000 and 46.90%, respectively. The incident rate and constitution ratio of BCG were the lowest with the rates of 63.26/1 000 000 and 0.25%, respectively. Conclusion The performance of the AEFIIMS is favorable, with the sensibility, integrity and timeliness all arriving at the goals established by the country. The comprehensive measures are needed to reduce the incidence of AEFI.