柠檬草与香茅药材中柠檬醛、香叶醇的定性定量研究

A qualitative and quantitative study on citral and geraniol of Cymbopogon citratus and Cymbopogon nardus

目的对不同产地的柠檬草与香茅进行鉴别,为两者的质量控制提供参考。方法采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取挥发油,以柠檬醛和香叶醇2种成分为指标,采用薄层色谱法对柠檬草与香茅进行定性鉴别,并采用气相色谱法进行定量分析。结果薄层鉴别结果显示,柠檬草供试品与柠檬醛对照品相应位置上显相同颜色斑点,香茅供试品与香叶醇对照品相应位置上显相同颜色斑点;气相色谱法测定结果显示,4批柠檬草中柠檬醛平均质量分数为(2.08±0.86)mg/g,3批香茅中香叶醇平均质量分数为(4.11±2.28)mg/g。结论柠檬草中主要含有柠檬醛及少量香叶醇,而香茅中主要含有香叶醇、不含柠檬醛。本文所建立的分析方法简便、重复性好、结果可靠,可用于柠檬草和香茅的定性定量鉴别。

Objective To distinguish Cymbopogon citratus and Cymbopogon nardus from different habitats by different methods in order to provide a reference for the two kinds of traditional Chinese medicines＇ quality control. Methods The volatile oil was extracted by water steam distillation. With the contents of citral and geraniol as index, the qualitative analysis was performed by Thin Layer chromatography（ TLC）, and the content of the target components were analyzed quantitatively by gas chromatography（ GC）. Results The results of the TLC indicated that the spot obtained with the Cymbopogon citratus solution corresponded in position and same color to the spot obtained with the citral reference solution,and the spot obtained with the Cymbopogon nardus solution corresponded in position and same color to the spot obtained with the geraniol reference solution. The results of GC indicated that the average content of citral of the four batches of Cymbopogon citratus was（ 2. 08 ± 0. 86） mg / g,and the average content of geraniol of the three batches of Cymbopogon nardus was（ 4.11± 2.28） mg / g. Conclusion Cymbopogon citratus contained citral mainly and only had a small amount of geraniol,on the contrary,Cymbopogon nardus contained geraniol mainly without citral. The established analysis method is simple,reproducible and reliable which can be used for qualitative and quantitative identification of Cymbopogon citratus and Cymbopogon nardus.