牛肉粉对果蝇遗传学效应的影响

Effect of beef powder on genetics of drosophila melanogaster

本文以果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)为实验对象,探讨含有食品添加剂的牛肉粉的培养基对其生活历程、子代数目、体重和突变情况的影响,目的在于通过研究含有食品添加剂的牛肉粉对果蝇遗传学效应的影响,为人们合理使用提供参考。结果表明,在实验浓度范围内,随着牛肉粉浓度的增加,果蝇各代的发育历程逐渐延长;当牛肉粉浓度低于1.25%时,可以促进果蝇繁殖,增加子代数量,高于1.56%时,会抑制其繁殖,减少子代数量(P<0.01),但是牛肉粉对果蝇雌雄比变化不显著。此外,牛肉粉培养的果蝇会产生畸形的个体,如褐眼、翘翅和小个体等,并随着遗传代数的增多,畸变率也增加。综上所述,牛肉粉对果蝇的负面影响,小到个体性状,大到种群遗传学效应,都随着牛肉粉剂量的增大而加深。

To investigate the toxicity of food additive beef powder on the development of different stages of Drosophila menlanogaster,D. menlanogaster was fed with the diet containing beef powder to observe its development and reproduction,in order to study beef powder genetic effects and provide a reference for the usage of food additives. The results showed that in the range of the experiment,with the increasing concentration of beef powder,D. menlanogaster developmental process was gradually prolonged;when the concentration of beef powder was less than 1.25%,it can promote breeding and increase the number of offspring;when beef powder was more than 1.56%,it inhibited reproduction,reduced the number of offspring（P〈0.01）;but beef powder had no significant effect on the sex ratio. In addition,malformation adult was observed,such as brown eyes,alice wings and small individuals,etc.,malformation rate was increased with generations. In summary,the negative effects of beef powder on D. menlanogaster was dosage dependent,from individual traits to large population genetic effects.