甘肃贝母营养繁殖研究

Study on Vegetative Propagation of Precious and Endangered Herb Plant Fritillaria przewalskii Maxim.

以甘肃贝母鳞瓣为材料,综合应用设施育苗、环境条件控制、生长调节剂处理等技术,建立无土栽培条件下的小鳞茎分化、幼苗生长、优质小种茎培育的技术流程和体系,为提升药材种植的效率奠定种苗基础。研究了不同的取材时期、基质、温度、生长调节剂、光质、肥料、设施条件对小鳞茎分化、幼苗和小种茎生长的影响。结果是:新鲜材料较易诱导出小鳞茎;高温较低温能够显著的诱导出小鳞茎;低温较高温促进幼苗生长效果更好;生长调节剂处理能够提高小鳞茎诱导效率、缩短诱导时间;红蓝光(3∶1)的光质更适合于幼苗的生长;不同的肥料对幼苗、小鳞茎的生长促进效果并不明显;红色转光棚膜大棚的应用及生长调节剂的处理能够促进幼苗、小鳞茎的生长。

In order to increase efficiency of cultivation of endangered herb plant Fritillaria przewalskii Maxim.,it is necessary to breed high-quality bulblets.Vegetative propagation is better than seed propagation in growing and development velocity.Thus,it is important to induce bulblets differentiation and promote growing of seedlings in soilless culture conditions.we used Fritillaria przewalskii Maxim.bulb as materials to study the effects of different stages,different soilless substrates,different temperatures,different hormone concentrations and collocations,different light qualities,fertilization and different facilities on inducing rate of bulblets and growing of seedlings.The results show that the inducing rate of fresh materials is higher than reserves,treated materials with hormones higher than non-treated,high temperature better than low temperature significantly.The growing velocity of seedlings is faster in low temperature than high temperature,in ratio of red and blue 3∶1than others.The different fertilization seemed to have a little efficiency.The growing velocity of bulblets was faster in red film covered facility than white film,and fastest in red film covered facility combination with hormones treatment.Finally,the vegetative propagation technic system of Fritillaria przewalskii Maxim.had been established preliminarily.