基于OpenFlow交换机洗牌的DDoS攻击动态防御方法

Dynamic Defense for DDoS Attack Using Open Flow-based Switch Shuffling Approach

网络资源的有限性和网络管理的分散性是传统网络难以解决分布式拒绝服务攻击问题的重要原因。当前的防御方法存在静态性、滞后性的不足,并且难以定位攻击者。针对上述问题,该文提出一种动态防御的方法。利用软件定义网络(SDN)集中控制和动态管理的特性构建OpenFlow交换机洗牌模型,使用贪心算法实现用户-交换机连接的动态映射,通过多轮洗牌区分出用户群中的攻击者和合法用户,对合法用户提供低延迟不间断服务。在开源SDN控制器Ryu上实现原型系统,并在SDN环境下进行测试。性能测试结果表明采用该方法可以通过有限次的洗牌筛选出攻击者,降低DDoS攻击对合法访问的影响;能力测试结果则说明了在由一个控制器组成的环形拓扑结构下该方法的防御效果与攻击流的大小无关,而是仅与攻击者的数目有关。

The limitations of network resource and the dispersion of network management are the two major difficulties for traditional networks to address the Distributed Denial of Service （DDoS） attacks. However, current defense methods are static and hysteresis, which are unable to locate the attackers accurately. Therefore, a dynamic defense using the two pivotal features, centralized control and dynamic management, of Software Defined Networks （SDN） is proposed. An OpenFlow-based switch shuffling model is built which employs greedy algorithm to remap user-switch link dynamically. After several shuffling, attacker could be differentiated from legitimate users and provide the latter with low latency uninterrupted services. The proposed approach is implemented in Ryu the open source SDN controller, and the prototype is tested in a real SDN. The results of performance test show that with this approach attackers in limited times of shuffling can be isolated and the effects of DDoS attacks on legal flows can be reduced. The outcomes of defense ability test demonstrate that the efficiency of the proposed dynamic approach has nothing to do with the size of attack flow, but is only related to the number of attackers in the ring topology structure which is composed of a single controller.