大学生个体发展多元化背景下“差别化”考试的改革与实践

Reform Under Background of Individual Development Diversity of College Students:Practice of Differentiated Examination

在目前大学生个体发展多元化的社会大背景下，对所讲授的“物理化学”课程的考试方法进行了探索和实践，针对不同学生，在不显著影响考试卷面分数分布的前提下，提高对高分数段学生的区分度，降低对低数段学生的考核难度。在课程结束后的闭卷考试试卷中增加备选题，同时设计了相应的计分规则。考试结束后对试卷中“备选题”的利用情况和学生得分情况进行了综合分析和评价。实践结果表明，上述考试方法的调整达到了预期设定的目标。本实践结果也为“差别化”考试方法的推广提供了教学改革研究依据。

In current society, the college students individual development is diverse. Under this background, the education curriculum reform needs to pay attention to the individual differ- ences between the students, including target of study, ability of learning and capability of passing through examination. This paper put forward an exploration named ＂differentiated examination＂ in the final exam of the undergraduate course physical chemistry. The aim is to enhance the dis- tinguishment of the top students and to reduce the difficulty for the moderate students in passing the exam, while the average scores and distribution remain untouched. The detail is adding an ＂alternative question＂ in the closed-book final examination and setting up the corresponding sco- ring rules. After the examination, the utilization of the ＂alternative questions＂ and the score dis- tribution were evaluated and analyzed comprehensively. The results revealed that the practice of ＂differentiated examination＂ had reached our expectation. Herein, this ＂differentiated examina- tion＂ method may provide a new orientation for education reform.