低技能均衡的研究述评

The Study Review of Low Skill Equilibrium

本文对低技能均衡概念的提出、理论解释、产生原因、表现形式和典型国家的政策实践进行了回顾总结,发现劳动力市场信息不完全、岗位和培训供给效应、企业研发成本过高和自由主义经济政策是产生低技能均衡的4种主要原因。低成本、低价格、低技术的市场战略,是经济陷入低技能均衡的重要特征;企业研发强度越强,劳动者人力资本累积率越高,经济的固定增长率越高,越容易走出低技能均衡,实现高技能均衡;统一的劳动力市场是实现整体经济高技能均衡的必要条件;政府推动经济产业和劳动者技能的协调发展是破解低技能均衡的关键。

This paper reviewed the Low Skill Equilibrium from aspects including concept, theoretical explanations, causes, features and typical countries＇ policy practices. It is found that incomplete labor market information, job and training supply effect, high R ＆ D cost and liberalism economy Policy could lead to Iow-skiU equilibrium; low-cost, low-price, low-tech market strategy is the basic feature implying the economy falling into a low-skill equilibrium. The stronger the R＆D intansity, the higher the labor force accumulation rate, the higher the fixed rate of economic growth is, the easier for the economics to achieve the high skill equilibrium. The government＇s promotion of the coordinated development of economic industry and labor＇ skills is the key to solving low-skill equilibrium problem, with the uniform labor market as a necessary condition.