“加剧”还是“缓解”:社会保障转移支付与老年贫困——基于城乡差异视角的分析

Exacerbate or Ease? Social Security Transfer Payment and Elderly Poverty——The Analysis Based on the Perspective of Urban and Rural Difference

利用中国老年健康影响因素的跟踪调查数据,探讨了社会保障转移支付对老年人经济贫困、健康贫困和精神贫困的影响。研究发现,社会保障转移支付对老年贫困的影响存在显著的城乡差异,社会保障转移支付缓解了城镇老年人的经济贫困,加剧了其精神贫困,对健康贫困则无显著影响,而对农村老年人而言,社会保障转移支付对其三个层面的贫困均有缓解作用。从作用机制来看,社会保障转移支付主要通过医疗服务利用与居住方式变化影响了老年人的健康贫困和精神贫困。

The influence of social security transfer payment on the economic poverty, health poverty and mental poverty of the elderly was discussed by using the data of the elderly health influencing factors in China. The study found that the impact of social security transfer payments on the elderly, there is a significant difference between urban and rural areas. For urban elderly people, social security transfer payment alleviated the economic poverty, but exacerbated the spiritual poverty, and had no significant effect on the health of rural poverty; elderly, social security transfer on the three levels of poverty were alleviated. Interpretation mechanism shows that the transfer of social security payments mainly through the use of medical services and the way of living has affected the health of the elderly poor and spiritual poverty.