60年后再评赫鲁晓夫的改革

A Review of N. Khrushchev's Reform: 60 Years Later

1956年2月召开苏共二十大,2月25日赫鲁晓夫决定由自己向大会作了题为《关于个人崇拜及其后果》的"秘密报告",之后对体制进行了一些改革。首先进行农业体制改革。1957年对工业与建筑业进行大改组。改革虽取得一些成效,但最后以失败告终,因为不论是经济体制改革还是政治体制的改革,都没有改变斯大林模式的大框架。苏共二十大后已过了60年,回过头来研究作为苏联历史上第一个改革者赫鲁晓夫的体制改革,并得出一些重要的看法,在当今仍有其重要意义。

In Feb. 1956, the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union were hold, in Feb. 25, N. Khrushchev decided himself to deliver a secret speech on the cult of personality to the congress. After the congress he carried out some reform measures. First was his reform in agriculture. Then in 1957, he took measures in industries and construction fields. He was failed in the end, although his measures had produced some effects. Neither in economic system no in political institutions could he change the Stalin＇s model. 60 years has passed, to have a review of the reform of N. Khrush- chev -- the first reformer in Soviet Union era -- to get some new interpretations is of important reference value to present time.