动结式的四分系统及其施格特征考察

Quadripartite Classifications of Verb-Result Compounds from the Perspective of Ergativity

动结式有施格动词的句法表现,但并非所有的动结式都是施格动词。研究发现,在动结式的四分系统中,只有一类动结式属于施格动词,也称施格动结式,其本质特征是结果谓词的语义指向宾论元且前后论元生命度存在等级差。而且,动结式的四分系统对汉语研究中的一些特殊句式有着很强的解释力。或者说,大部分的特殊句式都是以动结式句法结构为基础生成。

Verb-Result Compounds tend to be used as ergative verbs, though not all of them can be ergative verbs. It has been found that VRC can be classified into four groups, and only one of them can be defined as ergative VRC. The resultative component of ergative VRC predicates the object and the two arguments of the sentence differ in their animacy. Furthermore, the quadripartite classifications demonstrate a strong power of VRC in explaining some special sentence structures in modern Chinese. In other words, VRC serves as the basis of these special sentence structures.