《生草药性备要》鲜药加工和使用方法浅析

Study on Fresh Herb Processing and Application Methods on the Basis of Shengcao Yaoxing Beiyao

目的:浅析《生草药性备要》鲜药加工和使用方法,为鲜药的现代应用提供参考。方法:对《生草药性备要》全书所载311种草药逐一研读,从药物质地和性能方面对其鲜药加工和使用方法进行整体梳理。结果与结论:该书记载的鲜药加工方法共19种,使用方法共25种。19种鲜药加工方法包括取汁法、成泥法、浸法、煲水法、煲酒法、十蒸九晒法、存性法、烧灰法、口嚼法、为末法、烹饪法等;25种鲜药使用方法包括敷法、擦法、搽法、贴法、洗法、涂法、浸法、浴法、滴耳法、熏法、酒服法、口含法、饮汁法、煲煮法、煲水饮和作茶饮、炒食、煎食、煨食、蒸食、拌食、炖食、送茶、做糕食、做酿食、去腥味等。今后应加强草药基源的考证或再考证工作,开展鲜药加工方法对其有效成分量变的影响和使用方法对药理指标的影响等研究工作,将传统炮制技术与现代科技有机融合形成知识产权。

OBJECTIVE： To briefly analyze the fresh herb processing and application methods in Shengcao Yaoxing Beiyao, and to offer references for modem fresh herb application. METHODS： All 311 herbs stated in Shengcao Yaoxing Beiyao were stud- ied individually to record their processing and application methods from property and performance. RESULTS ＆ CONCLUSIONS： 19 fresh herb processing methods and 25 application methods were recorded in this book. The 19 fresh herb processing methods in- cluded juicing method, mud method, soaking method, water-boiling method, wine-boiling method, ten-steaming and nine-basking method, carbon method, burning-ash method, chewing method, mincing method, cooking method, and so on. The 25 application methods of fresh herbs included applying, scraping, painting, sticking, washing, spreading, immersing, bathing, ear-dropping, fuming, oral administration with wine, mouth-keeping, juice-drinking, boiling, water-boiling-drinking and tea-drinking, frying, decocting, toasting, steaming, blending, stewing, oral administration with tea, pastry, brewing, alleviating fishy smell, and so on. It is necessary to strengthen the origins research and re-research of herbs, and develop several empirical studies about the influ- ence for fresh herbs＇ effective ingredient quantitative change by their processing methods, and the influence for fresh herbs＇ phar- macology index by application methods, in order to form intellectual property.