风、光电能驱动处理化粪池污水的设备研发

Research and Development of Wind and Solar Energy-driven Equipment for Treatment of Septic Tank Effluent

以"减量化、再利用、资源化"的循环经济思想为指导,面向分散型社区、村镇,研发出以风、光电能为动力,集生物接触氧化、超滤膜、纳滤膜为一体的化粪池污水处理技术设备,该设备主要由风与光互补发电系统、前处理系统、处理系统组成。处理系统为两级处理,第一级是外置式MBR,由曝气罐和两支超滤膜柱组成,第二级进行纳滤膜深度处理,处理能力为15 m^3/d。根据技术设备运行动能测定与水质检测数据,进行了污水处理过程能量代谢、物质代谢分析。化粪池污水通过能量、物质代谢转化为有机肥水与洁净水。根据能量代谢、物质代谢分析结果,进行了污水处理过程生命周期评价。该设备处理化粪池污水的资源化率为99.75%、排放率为0.401%、能效系数为1.80 m^3/(k W·h)、产品水价值为38.31元/d。研发的技术设备为分散社区、村镇的化粪池污水生态化处理开辟了新的技术途径。

Guided by the idea of recycled economy characterized by reduction, reutilization and recycling, towards scattered communities and villages, the septic tank effluent treatment equipment pow- ered by wind and solar energy and integrating biological contact oxidation, ultrafiltration membrane and nanofiltration membrane was developed. The equipment consists of three parts： wind and solar supplementary power generation system, pretreatment system and treatment system. For the two-stage treatment system with a capacity of 15 m^3/d, the primary treatment system is external membrane bioreactor （MBR） comprising aeration tank and two uhrafihration membrane columns, and the secondary one is advanced treatment by nanofihration membrane. Based on the measurement of operating power of the equipment as well as the test data of water quality, analysis on energy metabolism and material metabolism during efflu- ent treatment was conducted. Septic tank effluent was converted into organic fertilizer water and clean water via energy and material metabolism. According to the results of analysis on energy and material metabolism, the life cycle of effluent treatment process was assessed. After septic tank effluent was treated by the above equipment, the recycling rate was 99.75%, discharge rate was 0.401% and energy efficiency coefficient was 1.80 m^3/（ kW · h）, and product water value was 38.31 Yuan/d. The developed equipment has opened a new technical approach for ecological treatment of septic tank effluent in scattered communities and villages.