河北省保定市2010-2015年婴幼儿麻疹流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of infant measles in Baoding City of Hebei Province from 2010 to 2015

目的了解保定市2010-2015年婴幼儿麻疹发病情况及流行病学特征,为预防控制婴幼儿麻疹流行提供参考依据。方法以"麻疹监测信息报告管理系统"的麻疹疫情为资料,对该市2010-2015年0~24月龄婴幼儿麻疹病例进行流行病学分析。结果 12010-2015年全市0~24月龄婴幼儿麻疹发病3 156例,占总发病数的58.3%;其中8~24月龄2 043例,占婴幼儿病例总数的64.7%,未及时免疫的占婴幼儿病例总数的36.3%;病例最多的是9~18月龄婴幼儿,占婴幼儿病例总数的38.5%,0~7月龄次之,占婴幼儿病例总数的35.3%。2<8月龄婴幼儿还未到接种月龄就感染麻疹病毒,是因为病例存在发病前到过医院与麻疹病例或其家中有接触史的情况,所以人群中麻疹病例的数量导致婴幼儿麻疹发病率持续在较高的水平。结论近年来保定市婴幼儿麻疹发病有升高趋势,建议加大查漏补种工作力度,加强人群麻疹疫情监测和免疫水平监测,适时开展强化免疫工作,最终预防麻疹的流行暴发。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of infant measles in Baoding City from 2010 to 2015,so as to provide scientific basis for measles control and preventionl. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the data of infant measles cases（ the age is less than 24 months） in Baoding City from 2010 to 2015,which was collected from the China Information System for Diseases Control and Prevention. Results ①There were 3 156 infant measles cases for 0 ～ 24 months from 2010 to 2015,which accounted for 58. 3% in the total number of disease; 2 043 cases for 8 to 24 months,which accounted for 64. 7%,and accounted for 36. 3% of cases in infants and young children for that not timely immune; most cases is 9 to 18 months of age infants and young children,which accounted for 38. 5% of the cases in infants and young children,and0 to 7 months cases was take the second place,which accounted for 35. 3% of the cases in infants and young children. ②The reason that〈 8 months baby contacted the measles virus who not reach the vaccination months is before onset to hospital patients with measles cases exist,or has a history of contact with the patient home,so the number of measles cases in infants and young children at a high level. Conclusion In recent years,infant measles incidence in Baoding has a rising trend,so the timeliness of measles vaccination should be improved as far as possible,and improves the measles surveillance in order to prevent and control measles outbreak.