高龄孕产妇妊娠及分娩特征分析

Analysis of characteristics of pregnancy and childbirth in elderly maternal

目的研究高龄孕产妇妊娠及分娩特征。方法选择2011年1月~2015年1月于我院产检及住院分娩的4200例孕产妇作为研究对象,根据孕产妇的年龄进行分组,其中602例高龄孕产妇(年龄≥35岁)为A组,3598例非高龄孕产妇(<35岁)为B组。分析两组孕产妇的妊娠与分娩结局。结果 A组孕产妇妊娠高血压综合征、糖尿病、前置胎盘、流产早产、胎盘早剥发生率均明显高于B组孕产妇,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);两组孕产妇的阴道分娩总产程、阴道会阴切开发生率、阴道软产道裂伤发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组孕产妇围生儿情况(体重、胎儿畸形)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对于高龄孕产妇来说,各种合并症与并发症的发生率明显高于非高龄孕产妇,且容易出现围生儿体重较低、新生儿窒息、围生儿病死等不良情况,提示临床上应加强相关的预防保健与处理措施,最大程度上降低母婴不良情况,改善母婴结局。

Objective To study the characteristic pregnancy and childbirth in elderly maternal.Methods From January 2011 to January 2015,4200 cases of maternal prenatal and hospital childbirth in our hospital were selected as the re- search objects,according to the maternal age they were divided,602 cases of elderly maternal were set as group A （age≥35 years）,3598 cases of group B were set as group B （age〈35 years）.The pregnancy and birth outcomes of the two groups were analyzed.Results The rate of pregnancy induced hypertension,diabetes,placenta previa,miscarriage, premature labor and placental abruption in the group A was significantly higher than that of the group B,the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.01） ;maternal total labor of vaginal delivery,incidence of vaginal perineum incision, incidence rate of the soft birth canal laceration in the two groups had no statistically significant difference （P〉0.05） ; the body quality,fetal abnormalities in the two groups of maternal perinatals had statistically significant difference （P〈 0.05）.Conclusion For advanced maternal age,the incidence of all sorts of complications is significantly higher than non-elder pregnant women,and with higher incidence of the perinatal adverse situation of low weight of perinatal infant, neonatal asphyxia,shows that clinically relevant preventive care and treatment measures should be strengthened,the maximum extent to reduce maternal and infant adverse situation, improve and outcomes.