沼液施用量对新植甘蔗产量·品质及土壤理化性状的影响

Effects of Biogas Slurry Doses on the Yield,Quality and Soil Physicochemical Properties of New-planting Sugarcane

[目的]探讨沼液施用量对甘蔗生长、产量及品质的影响,为畜禽养殖废物的资源化利用提供科学依据。[方法]以甘蔗品种台糖119号为材料,以施专用复合肥为对照,施用沼液肥替代总施肥养分量的100%、50%、25%为试验组进行田间试验。测定各处理土壤p H、有机质含量、甘蔗生长、产量和含糖量,分析各组的经济效益。[结果]3个处理的土壤有机质含量分别比对照提高了13.20%、10.15%和3.01%,p H比对照分别提升了0.34、0.29、0.08;新植甘蔗的出苗率分别比对照高15.1%、14.9%、7.7%,株高与对照相当,新植甘蔗的有效茎数比对照增加了20.6%、14.3%、2.2%;但茎径和单茎重低于对照;理论产糖量的增产率比对照分别达7.9%、9.8%和0.3%;销售收入比对照分别增加5 314.5、5 665.5、432.0元/hm2。综合生长、产量和田间锤度,施用占养分总量50%的处理产量、理论产糖量最高,经济效益较显著。[结论]复合肥配合施用沼液有利于甘蔗的生长、产量及品质的提高,沼液代替复合肥养分的最佳施用量为50%。

[Objective] To discuss the effects of biogas slurry doses on the growth,yield and quality of new-planting sugarcane,and to provide scientific references for the resource utilization of the waste of livestock and poultry breeding. [ Method ] With Taitang 119 as the material, and the application of special compound fertilizer as the control, field test was carried out using biogas slurry to take the place of 100% ,50% and 25% to- tal fertilizer. The soil pH,organic matter content, sugarcane growth, yield and sugar content were detected in each treatments. The economic bene- fits of each group were analyzed. [ Result ] Comapred with the control, soil organic contents in three treatments enhanced by 13.20%, 10. 15% and 3.01% ;pH increased by 0. 34,0. 29 ,0. 08. The seedling emergence rate of new-planting sugarcane enhanced by 15.1%, 14.9% and 7.7%. However, plant heights of the three treatments were similar with that of control. The effective stem number of new-planting sugarcane increased by 20. 6%, 14.3% and 2.2% ,but stem diameter and single-stem weight were poorer than those of the control. The increasing rates of theoretical sug- ar yield enhanced by 7.9% ,9.8% and 0.3% ;and sales revenues increased by 5 314.5,5 665.5 and 432.0 yuan/hm2. Considering the growth, yield and field brix, treatment of 50% biogas slurry had the highest yield and theoretical sugar yield, and relatively significant economic benefit. [ Conclusion ] Combined application of compound fertilizer and biogas slurry is helpful to the improvement of growth, yield and quality of sugar- cane. And the optimal dose was reolacing 50% compound fertilizer by biogas shin.