社交媒体信息可信度的评估策略与影响因素

Evaluation Strategies and Influencing Factors of Social Media Information Credibility

[目的/意义]在我国社交媒体情境下研究受众对信息可信度评估的策略,为提高受众对信息的批判性评估能力、媒介与信息素养提供经验材料。[方法/过程]基于文献梳理和焦点访谈构建社交媒体信息可信度的评估策略列表,实证调查大学生对社交媒体信息的评估动机与评估频率,并采用方差分析探索其相关的影响因素。[结果/结论]共设计16项信息可信度评估策略,从评估动机角度分为内容线索、信源线索、主观感知与社会线索四个维度。内容线索和主观感知被认为是最重要的评估策略,其中使用主观感知进行评估的频率最高;信源线索被认为最不重要,实际使用也最少;社会线索的使用频率与内容线索接近。此外,性别对评估动机有显著影响,而信息评估意识与阅读偏好对评估动机和频率有显著影响。

[ Purpose/Significance ] To investigate the credibility evaluation strategies of social media information, so as to help people im- prove critical evaluating competence, as well as media and information literacy. [ Method/Process] Based on literature review and focus interview, the study developed a list of credibility evaluation strategies for social media information. An empirical study was conducted among the university students to investigate the motivation and frequency of credibility evaluation, and to explore the influencing factors using analysis of variance. [ Result/Conclusion ] A total of 16 items were included in the credibility evaluation strategies, which represented source clues, content clues, subjective perception and social clues. The content clues and the subjective perception were the most important evaluation strategies, and frequency of subjective perception using was the highest; the source clues was the least used and was considered as the least important; thc usage frequency of social clues was the same as content clues. The study also showed that gender was correlated with the motivation of evaluation, while the awareness of information evaluation and reading preference were correlated with both the motivation and frequency of information evaluation.