油菜生产现状与问题分析

Current status and problems of rapeseed production

针对冬油菜和春油菜主产区生产方式低下的现状,分析我国油菜种植、分布以及油菜生产机械化情况,总结油菜生产机械化存在生产成本高、种植效益低;农机农艺不融合、品种栽培技术有待改进;生产规模小、制约机械化技术和装备的应用;关键技术和装备不成熟、科研开发还需进一步加强;政策扶持力度不够、政策设计有待进一步完善等问题。最后提出油菜生产机械化发展趋势和建议,以期指导推进油菜生产全程机械化工作。

Aiming at the backward production mode of winter rapeseed and spring rapeseed,the planting status,distribution situation and mechanized production conditions were analyzed.And then,some problems needed to be solved were summarized.Firstly,the production cost of rapeseed is high,and planting profit is low;secondly,agricultural machinery and agronomic technology are not fused well,and the cultivation techniques need to be improved;thirdly,the application of mechanization technology and equipments are constrained by the small producing scale;fourthly,immature key technology and equipments lead to the enhancing of research and development;fifthly,the supporting policy is not enough and the design of it also needs improvements.Thus,the development trend and suggestions for rapeseed mechanization production are proposed,which may guide the promotion of entire mechanization for rapeseed production.