不同砧木对‘绿岭’核桃抗寒性的影响

Effects of Different Rootstocks on Cold Resistance of‘Lyuling'Walnut

为了解不同砧木对‘绿岭’核桃抗寒性的影响,以"中宁强""中宁异""加州黑"和"核桃"作砧木,嫁接‘绿岭’核桃的2年生幼树为试材,分别在-5、-10、-15、-20、-25、-30℃低温胁迫后,测定其1年生枝条的电解质渗出率、丙二醛含量、保护酶活性、渗透调节物质等指标,分析其耐寒能力。结果表明:随着胁迫温度的下降,4种砧木的‘绿岭’核桃枝条的电解质渗出率呈‘S’型上升趋势,"中宁强""中宁异""加州黑""核桃"砧木‘绿岭’核桃的半致死温度分别为-21.7、-22.3、-25.3、-22.8℃;丙二醛含量、保护酶活性、脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量变化均呈先升后降的趋势,丙二醛含量在-25℃出现峰值;保护酶活性、脯氨酸含量在-20℃出现峰值;可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量峰值出现在-15℃;运用隶属函数法进行抗寒性综合评价,得出4种砧木‘绿岭’核桃抗寒顺序为"加州黑">"核桃">"中宁强">"中宁异",表明在抗寒性方面,"加州黑"是适合‘绿岭’核桃的砧木。

To determine the effects of different rootstocks on cold resistance of‘Lyuling＇walnut,two-year-old trees of‘Lyuling＇walnut which were grafted onto‘Zhongningqiang＇‘Zhongningyi＇‘Juglans hindsii Rehd＇and‘Juglans regia L.＇rootstocks were used as materials.Electrolyte leakage,MDA content,protective enzyme activities,osmotic adjustment substances in one-year-old branches were determined after treated at-5 ℃,-10℃,-15℃,-20 ℃,-25 ℃,-30 ℃.The results showed that as the temperature decreased,electrolyte leakage in the one-year-old branches of‘Lyuling＇walnut grafted onto the four rootstocks showed a‘S＇type upward trend,the semilethal temperatures of one-year-old branches of‘Lyuling＇walnut grafted onto the four rootstocks were-21.7 ℃,-22.3 ℃,25.3 ℃,-22.8 ℃.The changes of malondialdehyde（MDA）contents,protective enzymes activities,proline contents,soluble sugar contents and soluble protein contents showed the trend of increased and then decreased,the peaks of MDA contents appeared at-25 ℃,that the protective enzymes activities and proline contents appeared at-20 ℃,that the soluble sugar contents and soluble protein contents appeared at-15℃.Comprehensive evaluation of cold resistance of‘Lyuling＇walnut grafted onto the four rootstocks by subordinate function values analysis was conducted,and the cold resistance order of‘Lyuling＇walnut grafted onto the four rootstocks was‘Juglans hindsii Rehd＇〉‘Juglansr egia L.＇〉‘Zhongningqiang＇〉‘Zhongningyi＇.This showed that‘Juglans hindsii Rehd＇was the suitable rootstock for‘Lyuling＇walnut at the aspect of cold resistance.