夜间低温对温室番茄及黄瓜苗期生长的影响

Influence of Low Temperature at Night on Growth of Tomato and Cucumber at Seedling Stage in Greenhouse

以黄瓜和番茄幼苗为试材,采用常规管理降温结合控温设备将温室夜间温度控制在6~10℃,通过盆栽试验,研究了6~10℃低温环境对番茄及黄瓜苗期生长的影响。结果表明:在6~10℃条件下,低温处理1~3d可视为番茄进行抗寒锻炼,对番茄影响较小,低温处理4d出现叶片低垂、叶片出现黄色斑点、叶缘卷曲、叶片中间凸起等不良形态症状,对番茄的影响开始显现。低温处理5~8d番茄各项指标均明显下降,且处于较低水平,对番茄影响较大,低温处理9~10d番茄出现植株萎蔫,不能正常生长。但黄瓜在6~10℃条件下,植株整体生长缓慢,即使短期处于6~10℃条件下,对黄瓜生长的影响依然很大。说明夜间低温6~10℃对番茄幼苗前期生长影响不明显,但黄瓜生长条件需要10℃以上,否则不利于黄瓜幼苗的生长。

Tomato and cucumber seedling were used as test materials,in order to study the influence of low temperature at night on growth of tomato and cucumber at seedling stage in greenhouse,the temperature was controlled at 6-10℃interval with conventional management and temperature control system,made the potted plant experiment.The results showed that effect of under 1-3days′low temperature at 6-10℃conditions on tomato was small,it could be as a cold acclimation.Leaves of tomato began to appear drooping,yellow spots,leaf edge curl,blade intermediate convex adverse morphological symptoms of tomato.The effects began to appear during the 4days′low temperature.After 5-8days′low temperature the impact was strong,the indexes of tomato all decreased significantly and at a low level,after 9-10days′low temperature the growth of tomato plant was abnormal and appeared plant wilting.Under 6-10℃,the influence was obviously even under short stress of low temperature,the growth of cucumber was slowly.Therefore the effect on the early growth of tomato seedlings was not obvious under 6-10℃at night,but the growth conditions of cucumber need more than 10℃,otherwise it was not conducive to the growth of cucumber seedlings.