不同压砂地龄土壤肥力及硒砂瓜品质分析

Soil Fertility in Different Sand-mulching Years and Nutritional Quality of Selenium Sand Melon

为了探明砂田土壤肥力随压砂年限的变化趋势及分析硒砂瓜品质的变异及相关性,以宁夏中卫市兴仁三合村、兴仁拓寨村和香山三眼井村的3、10、20年砂田为研究对象,对不同压砂地龄土壤中的9个土壤养分及硒砂瓜的7个品质指标进行检测分析,同时对硒砂瓜品质指标进行主成分分析。结果表明:随着压砂年限的延长,土壤肥力逐渐降低,因此,应在耕作过程中进行科学合理的施肥,以保证砂田的持续利用;硒砂瓜品质指标中变异系数最大的是硝酸盐含量,最小的是可溶性固形物含量;硒砂瓜的中心固形物含量和边缘固形物含量存在极显著正相关,总酸含量和番茄红素、硝酸盐含量和边缘固形物含量也均存在显著正相关,硒砂瓜7个品质指标中,对硒砂瓜综合品质影响最大的是可溶性固形物含量和番茄红素含量。

In order to ascertain the variation trend of soil fertility with the increasing year of sand-mulching and establish the quality indicator system of the selenium sand melon,gravel-sand mulched land of different ages（3,10,20years）in Sanhe village and Tuozhai village,Xingren county and Sanyanjing village,Xiangshan county,Ningxia were taken as the research object.For each kind of soil,9kinds of soil nutrients were analyzed and principal component analysis on 7quantitative characteristics of the selenium sand melon were conducted.The results indicated that soil fertility decreased significantly with the increasing age of the gravel mulched field.Therefore,in order to ensure sustainable use of gravel-sand mulched fields,people must fertilize and cultivate scientifically and rationally in the process of farming.For selenium sand melon,the nutritional quality largely depends on the contents of soluble solids,total sugar,total acid,vitamin C,nitrate and lycopene,some of which were correlated with each other.The coefficients of variation of these seven quantitative indexes were ranged from6.01%to 47.16%.A significant positive correlation was found between the contents of total acid and lycopene,as well as nitrate and the edge soluble solids of selenium sand melon.The soluble solids and lycopene had the greatest impact on the nutritional quality of selenium sand melon.