长春市中年人对膳食指南的认知及执行情况调查

Cognition and implementation survey of the middle-aged on dietary guidelines in Changchun City

目的：了解长春市中年人对膳食指南的认知现状,并根据膳食指南的执行情况,为开展相关人群的营养教育提供依据。方法采用自制调查问卷,在长春多个公共场所采取便利抽样的方式展开调查；应用SPSS软件统计并分析数据。结果78.0%的调查对象未听说过膳食指南,85.6%的调查对象未听说过膳食宝塔；膳食指南的知晓率与居民的文化程度呈正相关,差异有统计学意义（ P〈0.01）；超过半数的居民不注意菜式搭配,但77.4%的居民愿意改变自己及家庭的不良饮食习惯；不同性别、文化程度、月收入在调查对象对膳食指南执行程度中均存在差异,且具有统计学意义（ P〈0.05）。结论长春市中年人对膳食指南知晓率低,饮食情况总体需要改善,学习膳食指南的态度较积极,建议加强宣传,普及营养知识,以指导中年人饮食行为。

Objective To understand about the cognition of the middle-aged on dietary guidelines in Chang-chun City and provide the basis for carrying out nutrition education for the relevant population. Methods Self-made questionnaire was applied. The survey was carried out by means of convenience sampling in several public places in Changchun. SPSS software was used to count and analyze the data. Results 78. 0% of the respondents never heard a-bout dietary guideline and 85. 6% of the respondents never heard about dietary pagoda. Dietary guideline refers to the positive correlation between awareness rate and educational level of residents, which had statistical significance （ P〈0. 01）. More than half of the residents never focused on dish match, but 77. 4% of the residents were willing to change themselves and the bad habits of family. Different genders, educational levels and monthly income had difference on re-spondents for the implementation level of dietary guidelines, which had statistical significance （ P 〈0. 05 ） . Conclusion The awareness rate of the middle-aged to dietary guidelines is low in Changchun City, and the entire dieta-ry situation needs to be improved. The attitude of learning dietary guidelines is active. It＇s suggested to strengthen pub-licity and popularize nutrition knowledge so as to guide the dietary behaviors of the middle-aged.