单侧完全性唇腭裂患者上颌恒前牙发育异常的CBCT研究

A study of anterior maxillary dental anomalies in individuals with unilateral cleft lip and palate by CBCT

目的:运用锥形束CT(cone-beam computed tomography,CBCT)研究单侧完全性唇腭裂患者上颌前牙区恒牙的异常情况。方法:收集112例单侧完全性唇腭裂患者的病历及CBCT影像资料,统计分析其上颌前牙区恒牙畸形牙、先天缺失牙等5种异常及前牙位置关系。结果:高达97.3%的患者出现1种以上的牙齿异常,其中畸形牙发生率最高(63.3%)。先天缺失最常累及侧切牙(占比80.0%)。裂隙侧各类异常的发生率均明显高于非裂隙侧,两侧先天缺失、畸形牙、中切牙扭转发生率的差异具有统计学意义。前牙位置关系中,裂隙侧最常见侧切牙位于尖牙腭侧(35.6%)。结论:CBCT可有效评估单侧完全性唇腭裂患者上颌前牙区恒牙的异常,其情况复杂多样,侧切牙为影响治疗计划的关键。

Objective： To investigate the prevalence of anterior maxillary dental anomalies in patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate. Methods： The cone beam computed tomography（ CBCT） images and medical charts of 112 patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate were examined. The prevalence of five categories of dental anomalies was assessed and compared between cleft side and non-cleft side. The position of upper anterior teeth on the cleft and non-cleft side was also compared. Results： Overall,97. 3% of the patients were found to have at least one dental anomaly. The lateral incisor was the most often absent tooth（ 80. 0%）. The congenital absence of tooth,tooth deformity,and the rotation of the central incisor had a higher prevalence on the cleft side,showing a statistically significant difference. The most common position of anterior teeth on the cleft side is that the lateral incisor was located at the palatal side of canine（ 35. 6%）. Conclusion：The various dental anomalies of patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate can be effectively assessed by CBCT. The lateral incisor could been important while making the treatment plan.